A.there be结构的主语
1.There be结构中,there是引导词,无实义,其主语是be动词之后的名词或名词短语,且这些名词或名词短语通常用不确定的限定词(如a,no,some,all等)修饰,不用确定的限定词(如the,this,that等)修饰。例如:
桌上有本书。
误:There is the book on the desk.
正:There is a book on the desk.
2.There be结构中的主语不能是人称代词、专有名词以及被物主代词或所有格修饰的名词。如不能说:
*There is China in the east of the world.
*There are their bikes un der the tree.
*There are they over there.
若要说明被限定的某人或某物在某处时,常用“某人(某物)+be+地点”结构。例如:
China is in the east of the w orld.
Their bikes are un der the tree.
They are over there.