模拟试题（1）

Part II Vocabulary（大纲词汇表以T-Z为首字母的单词）

A．Decide the choice that can best complete the statement．

1．As the trial went on ，the story behind the murder slowly itself．

A）convicted B）released C）haunted D）unfolded

2．If we our relations with that country，we'll have to find another supplier of raw materials．

A）diffuse B）diminish C）terminate D）preclude

3．All the finished products are stored in a of the delivery port and shipping is available at any time．

A）garage B）cabinet C）course D）warehouse

4．Franklin D．Roosevelt argued that the depression stemmed from the American economy's flaws．

A）underlining B）vulnerable C）vulgar D）underlying

5．Many people think of deserts as regions，but numerous species of plants and animals have adapted to life there．

A）virgin B）barren C）void D）wretched

6．If you work under a car when repairing it，you often get very ．

A）GREasy B）sticky C）slippery D）waxy

7．Rumors are everywhere ，spreading fear，damaging reputations，and turning calm situations into ones．

A）turbulent B）tragic C）versatile D）suspicious

8．He blew out the candle and his way to the door．

A）converged B）wrenched C）groped D）strove

9．The police were alerted that the escaped criminal might be in the ．

A）vain B）vicinity C）court D）jail

10．The French exercised their right of in the Security Council to prevent the resolution being passed．

A）speech B）vote C）election D）veto

B．Select an appropriate word from the following group of words to make each sentence understandable．

testimony，transcend，thrill，vocational， withhold，tolerant，wrinkle，verge，tease，temperament

1．Don't be so serious．He was just ．

2．No matter where he goes，Thomas is said to have an artistic ．

3．The psychiatrist gave that the man was insane at that time．

4．She was with terror when she saw a silhouette on the curtain．

5．You should be more of other people's weaknesses．

6．It is well known that music national boundaries．

7．Peter works as a baker after graduation from a school．

8．In my opinion，you'd better your consent for the time being．

9．Seeing the dirty food，she up her forehead in disgust．

10．He was on the of committing suicide when he was fired．

Part III Grammar（主谓一致、介词）

A．Fill in the blank with the suitable form of the verb in the bracket．

1．It is you，not I who （be）afraid to pursue the subject further．

2．An expert，together with some assistants ，（be）sent to help in this work the day before yesterday．

3．The community，as well as the owners of the land （be）interested in the development．

4．The loan ，including principal and interest，（amount）to ＄3，000．

5．Not only the players but also the coach （have）on the uniform．

6．I don't care whether you or he （get）the promotion．

7．The committee （be）ready to make its recommendation public．

8．The office staff （be）gathered to hear the president speak．

9．Many an engineer （call）on Barbara since she got back．

10．A GREat many graduates （think）life is meaningless without a purpose．

11．All work and no play （make）Jack a dull boy．

12．In this hotel，bread and butter （serve）for breakfast．

13．A third of his time （devote）to writing articles．

14．More than one example （be） necessary to make the students understand this rule clearly．

15．The director and chief engineer （be）very experienced．

16．All （be）well that ends well．

17．The audience （be）all moved to tears at Dick's words．

18．A GREat variety of flowers （be）shown in the square．

19．Buying clothes （be）often a very time-consuming practice because those clothes that a person likes are rarely the ones that fit him or her．

20．Fifteen minutes （be）all that I can spare to talk over this matter with you．

B．Insert appropriate prepositions in the following sentences．

1．Most animals have to struggle existence；human beings are no exception．

2．You can't expect to succeed if you attempt tasks your ability．

3．The trouble Wilma is that you pay her a few compliments and she immediately gets above herself ．

4．Some men lust gold，but most lust women．

5．Proper diet，rest，and exercise are fortification sickness．

6．Once a satellite has got away the pull of the earth's atmosphere，it continues to circle around the earth for ever．

7．She may appear severe her children，but she is a fond mother heart．

8．It was a long time the bitter quarrel the two families healed over， the marriage between two of their children，one each family．

9．In this world，things are complicated and are decided many factors．

10．When three men are one heart，earth can be changed into gold．

11．Don't overload your lecture with details that　do not bear the topic　discussion．

12．If the boss is in one of his bad moods，he'll　jump you for the slightest thing．

13．Justice must not be denied any one，however poor he may be．

14．Space travel，an impossibility yesterday，is reach today ，and perhaps will become a common occurrence tomorrow．

15．The best men for running industry are those who have had to go the mill．

16．Once the price for the land is aGREed ，we can go ahead with the building project．

17．He has a reputation honesty．

18．Without a thorough grasp biology，a student can not hope to study medicine．

19．Scientists have experimented for years in the expectation discovering a cancer cure．

20．College students have an advantage others in getting a job．

Part IV Com prehensive Exercises

A．Reading Comprehension

Biological diversity has become widely recognized as a critical conservation issue only in the past two decades．The rapid destruction of the tropical rain forests，which are the ecosystems with the highest known species diversity on the Earth，has awakened people to the importance and fragility of biological diversity．The high rate of species extinctions in these environments is jolting，but it is important to recognize the significance or biological diversity in all ecosystems．As the human population continues to expand，it will negatively affect one after another of Earth's ecosystems．In terrestrial ecosystems and in fringe marine ecosystems（such as wetlands），the most common problem is habitat destruction．In most situations，the result is irreversible．Now humans are beginning to destroy marine ecosystems through other types of activities，such as disposal and run off of poisonous waste；in less than two centuries，by significantly reducing the variety of species on Earth，they have unraveled aeons of evolution and irrevocably redirected its course．

Certainly，there have been periods in Earth's history when mass extinctions have occurred．The extinction of the dinosaurs was caused by some physical event，either climatic or cosmic．Only 0．1percent of the species that have lived on the Earth have survived to the present，and it was largely chance that determined which species survived and which died out．

However，nothing has ever equaled the magnitude and speed which the human species is altering the physical and chemical world and demolishing the environment．In fact，there is wide aGREement that it is the rate of change humans are inflicting，even more than the changes themselves，that will lead to biological devastation．Life on the Earth has continually been in flux as slow physical and chemical changes have occurred on the Earth，but life needs time to adapt time for migration and genetic adaptation within existing species and time for the proliferation of new genetic material and new species that may be able to survive in new environments．

1．Which title suits this passage best？

A）The connection between biological diversity and evolution．

B）Human destruction of the balance of the Earth's ecosystem．

C）The pollution in the Earth's ecosystem．

D）The importance of biological diversity．

2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？

A）Before 2210，the variety of species on the Earth will have reduced significantly．

B）All of the extinction in the Earth's ecosystem is caused by the human population．

C）Life on the Earth needs little time to adapt to migration and genetic adaptation within existing species．

D）Humans have determined which species survived and which died out．

3．The author uses the phrase“in flux（paragraph 3）to mean ．

A）alter B）rise C）set in D）flow

4．What is the author's opinion on biological diversity？

A）The species in terrestrial ecosystems are more than those in marine ecosystems．

B）Some physical event will reduce the variety of species on the Earth．

C）Biological diversity is connected with the environment rather than time．

D）Human beings will determine the biological diversity．

5．Why did the extinction of the dinosaurs happen？

A）Because the other species were stronger than they．

B）Because there wasn't any food for them．

C）Because the climate changed．

D）Because of some diseases．

B．Cloze

Personality is to a large extent inherent-A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring．But the environment must also have a profound 1 ，since if competition is important to parents，it is likely to become a major factor in the lives of their children．

One place where children 2 A-characteristics is school，which is，by its very nature， a highly competitive institution．Too many schools adopt the“win 3 all costs”moral standard and 4 their success by sporting achievements．The current passion 5 making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system，in which competitive A-types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows．Being too 6 to win can have a dangerous 7 ： remember that Pheidippides，the first marathon runner，dropped 8 seconds after saying：“Rejoice，we 9 ！”

10 the worst form of competition in schools is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations．It is a rare school that 11 pupils to concentrate on those things they do well．The merits of competition by examination are somewhat 12 ，but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful．

Obviously，it is neither practical nor 13 that all A-youngsters change 14 B's． The world needs A-types，and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child's personality to his possible future 15 if it is top management．

If the preoccupation of schools with academic work were 16 ，more time might be spent teaching children surer values．Perhaps selection for the 17 professions，especially medicine could be made less by good grades in chemistry and more by such considerations as 18 and sympathy．It is surely a 19 to choose our doctors exclusively from A-type stock．B's are important and should be 20 ．

1．A）effect B）affect C）role D）function

2．A）soak off B）soak through C）soak up D）soak out

3．A）on B）by C）at D）with

4．A）estimate B）calculate C）shape D）measure

5．A）towards B）for C）at D）by

6．A）long B）keen C）intent D）desirous

7．A）outcome B）effect C）consequence D）denouement

8．A）deadly B）die C）dead D）dying

9．A）conquer B）surrender C）yield D）success

10．A）By far B）Until C）So far D）However

11．A）forbids B）allows C）grants D）admits

12．A）questionable B）questioning C）undoubted D）undoubtable

13．A）desirable B）desired C）desiring D）desirous

14．A）as B）like C）into D）from

15．A）employment B）entrance C）recruitment D）enrollment

16．A）decreased B）abased C）lessened D）degraded

17．A）service B）nutrient C）caring D）health

18．A）sense B）sensitivity C）sensation D）sensuousness

19．A）mistake B）justice C）feat D）disaster

20．A）encouraged B）processed C）commanded D）promoted

C．Read the passage carefully ．Then answer the questions in the fewest possible words（not exceeding 10words）．

Getting people to do things efficiently to achieve the aims of an organization requires anunderstanding of human motivation，which is a person's readiness to pursue objectives．According to Douglas McGREgor's The Human side of Enterprise，there are two opposite sets of ideas about motivation．

The first set，which McGREgor calls“Theory X，is the traditional reward-and-punishment approach．In this view，average people are naturally lazy and without ambition，want only security，dislike responsibility，and prefer to be led．Therefore，they must be forced，rewarded， and punished in order to get them to make an effort．

The newer“Theory Ytakes the opposite view：that the expenditure of effort in work is as natural as play or rest；that people will exercise self-control in the service of organizational objectives which they accept；that individuals' satisfaction from their pursuit of such objectives can be their best reward；that average people can learn to accept and even seek responsibility； that the capacity to exercise a high deGREe of imagination in the solution of organizational problems is widely distributed in the population； and that modern industry is therefore not making full use of the abilities of average people．

These are the two extreme viewpoints．In reality，hardly anyone follows either one of them one hundred percent，although something close to“Theory Y”is widely accepted today．

Questions：

1．According to the first paragraph ，what is necessary in order to achieve the aims of an organization？

2．What is essential about the first set of ideas which Douglas McGREgor calls“Theory X？

3．According to“Theory Y”，how do average people look at their effort in work？

4．What is the best reward according to“Theory Y”？

5．What does the passage say about people's attitude towards the two opposite viewpoints？

D．Error Correction

Learning does happen passively．It is an

1．

activity which a person does．It is a task which can be attempted in various ways，some of them

2．

are more appropriate than others．When the material to be learned is of a brief and simple kind which is familiar to the person and of intense interest to him，ineffective learning usually pro-

3．

ceeds automatically．In the first place，the person at once relates the material to another material

4．

which is already securely learned．Subsequently， the relevance of the newly learned materials to

5．

his interests ensures it's being recalled on many

6．

occasions；and this repetition maximizes the like-

7．

lihood or forgetting．Furthermore，the subsequent use of the new material is like to take place in a variety of

8．

contexts and，so，the material becomes related to a wider range of other material．Because of all this，the material is rapidly learned，long retained，and recalled with increasingly readiness

9．

in a variety of contexts．Without really trying，the person has fulfilled a few important conditions of effective learning，conditions expressed by William James as follows．“Briefly，then，between two men with the same outward experiences

10．

and the same amount of mere native tenacity（强记忆力），the one who thinks over his experiences most，and weaves them into systematicrelations with each other，will be the one with the best memory．

E．Translate the following sentences into Chinese．

1．Even though wealth has grown GREatly in the United States，there is much concern that its distribution has become increasingly uneven，with the rich getting a great deal richer，while others are being left behind—if true，it is an unhealthy situation for social unrest．

2．Although he got generally good grades and was outstanding in mathematics ，Einstein hated the academic high school he was sent to in Munich，where success depended on memorization and obedience to arbitrary authority．

3．Praise is almost a contagious virus in a classroom because if you can catch one child doing something good and if you can verbally commend that child in front of his or her peers，it's going to spread like wildfire and the rest of the children are going to automatically do exactly what the model student is doing because they want the positive attention．

4．In this connection it is instructive to remember the GREek saying that to marvel is the beginning of knowledge and if we cease to marvel we may be in danger of ceasing to know．

5．Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned，orderly，systematic and dispassionate manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena．

F．Writing

Write a com position on the topic If It's to Be，It's Up to Me．You should write at least 120words and your com position should be based on the outline below．

1．这一信条的含义；

2．这一信条在现实生活中的执行情况。