听力原文
PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSION
SECTION A TALK
Good morning, everyone. Today we’re going to talk about acid rain. You may wonder what is acid rain. Well, it is almost impossible to describe the mathematical relationship between what goes up as pollutant emissions and what comes down
as acid rain. But we do know the primary source of acid rain is the power station smoke stack. The pollutants combine with moisture in the atmosphere and they
fall as an acid mixture raising the rain. Do you know what the Germans call this acid rain?
The royal water, I mean the acid rain, falls in rain or snow on the romantic Black Forest ,and attacks the soil. Micro-organisms within the soil collapse
and metals harmful to trees like aluminum are leaked out. At the same time, the
acid rain attacks the leaves and dissolve their waxy coating. The leaves then shrivel and die. About one in every ten trees in the Black Forest is a fir. 76 per
cent of all firs are dying. The first symptoms of death by pollution in a fir is
the yellowing of the needles. At the back of the fir needle, you can see the pores through which the plant breathes. The acid rain destroys those pores, and prevent them from closing. So on a warm day, the plant loses all of its moisture through those open pores. The needles, as a result, turn yellow and die.
The statistics that are available now are horrifying. Of these trees in the Black Forest, 41% of all spruce are diseased, 43% of all pine are diseased, 2
6% of beech trees, 76% of all fir trees and 16% of all others are dying. Environmental groups like GREen Peace campaign around Europe are trying to stop the acid rain.
Germany is now leading the way in attacking part of the problem. Motor vehicles are thought to contribute significantly to the pollution of the atmosphere. The by-products of motor vehicle emissions are considered dangerous to plants,and humans as well.
In order to clean up motor vehicle emissions, all new cars in Germany must meet emission standards and be fitted with a device called “catalytic converter”.
Use of the converters requires people to switch to lead-free petrol. This might explain why the Europeans are reluctant to follow Germany’s lead in cleaning up its motor vehicle emission. It’s unlikely that Germany will force her European neighbours to change to lead-free petrol. The reason is that though her neighbours may be slow in cleaning up their smoke stacks, they will have to comply with the new motor vehicle requirements if they want the wealthy German tourists driving across their borders.
Certainly, the menace of acid rain knows no borders because it gathers in the rain clouds and goes with the prevailing winds. So Canada’s lakes die from America’s pollution. Germany’s trees die from her next-door neighbors. Sweden’s lakes fall victim to Britain’s industry. And there are many similar examples. And I won’t go into them because of time constraint.
Like Germany, the United States also introduced strict clean air-controls on motor vehicle emissions in the mid-70s as part of their efforts to reduce acid rain. But throughout the northern hemisphere it’s aGREed that such measures, though
important, will be of minimal effect. If we are to save what’s left of forests and lakes in the world, a strict international emission standard must be uniformly imposed on industry. However, its unlikely that will be aGREed upon before many more acres of precious forests are destroyed.
SECTION B INTERVIEW
Interviewer: Good morning Mr. Pitt. Do sit down.
Pitt: Thank you.
Interviewer: First of all, Mr. Pitt. I’d like you to tell me a bit about what you’ve been doing.
Pitt: Well, I left school after I’d done my A levels.
Interviewer: Ah, yes, A levels. What subjects did you take?
Pitt: I took four subjects, French, German, chemistry and art. Chemistry wasn’t
my cup of tea, but art has always been.
Interviewer: Art?
Pitt: Well, I really wanted to study art. It didn’t turn out like that, because
a friend of my fathers offered me a job. It’s an accountant in London. A quite big firm, you know.
Interviewer: I see. A firm of accountants. Interesting. In your application, you
say that you only spent nine months with this firm of accountants. Why was that?
Pitt: It was nearly a year actually. Well, to be quite honest, I didn’t like it.
I just couldn’t seem to get interested in the job although there were fairly good prospects. So I got a place at the art college to do a three-year diploma course.
Interviewer: I see. Now Mr. Pitt, what about hobbies and interests? Er, what do
you do in your spare time?
Pitt: I like jazz, traditional and folk music. I don’t play of course, but I go
to quite a lot of concerts and I go to the theater occasionally and act a bit my
self. I’m in the local Germanic society. I read quite a lot and I’ve done a bit
of photography. Also, I’ve traveled a lot. Hitchhike a dolly for Europe. Last year that was.
Interviewer: Very interesting. Mr. Pitt. I think, that’s all I wanted to ask about your background. Now let’s talk about the management trainee scheme. What exactly do you think a manager does?
Pitt: I don’t know a GREat deal about the work.
Interviewer: But you have got any ideas about it. You must have thought about it.
Pitt: Well, I... Suppose he has a lot of... a... what is called policy making to
do. And... he has to know how to work with people, and all about the company.
Interviewer: Mm.
Pitt: Yes, I... should think a manager must know something about all aspects of the work.
Interviewer: Yes, that’s right. We like our executive staff to undergo a thorough training. Young men on our trainee scheme have to work through every branch in the company.
Pitt: Oh.
Interviewer: And one of them is accountancy. Presumably you wouldn’t like that.
Pitt: Well, if I had to do it, I suppose... But I was thinking that my French an
d German would mean that I could specialize in overseas work. I’d like to be some sort of an export salesman and travel abroad.
Interviewer: You know, the glamour of traveling abroad disappears when you’ve got a hard job of work to do. It’s not all fun and game.
Pitt: Oh yes, I realize that. It’s just that my knowledge of languages would be
useful.
Interviewer: Now, Mr. Pitt, is there anything you want to ask me?
Pitt: Well, there is one or two things. I’d like to know if I have to sign a contract and what the salary and prospects are.
Interviewer: With our scheme, Mr. Pitt, there is no contract involved. Your proGREss is kept under constant review. If we at any time decide we don’t like you,
then that’s that. We reserve the right to dismiss you.
Pitt: I see.
Interviewer: Of course. You have the same choice about us.
Pitt: Fair enough. And what about the salary?
Interviewer: As for salary, you’ll be on our fixed scales, starting at 870 pounds. For the successful trainee, the prospects are very good.
Pitt: I see. Thank you very much.
Interviewer: That’s all, Mr. Pitt. You should hear from us in a couple of weeks.
One way or the other, or we may ask you to come back for another chat. Thank you.
Pitt: Goodbye, Mrs. Williams.
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
News Item 1(For Question 11)
Russian authorities are questioning five men suspected of taking about a do
zen school children hostage and commandeering a helicopter for a ten million dollar ransom. The alleged gunmen were captured early Monday in southern Russia ending a four-day drama. The kidnappers initially demanded to be flown to Iran
. A police now believes their only aim was ten million dollars paid by the government most of which has now been recovered.
News Item 2 ( For Question 12 )
The United States has announced that it’s to send one thousand more troops
to Panama to increase security at Cuban refugee camps where riots broke out last week. Officials in Washington said that the troops will be added to the two thousand who are already in Panama. More than 200 American soldiers were injured when the Cubans, angry at delays in moving them out of Panama, attacked their guards and broke out of the camps. The refugees have been in Panama since September.
News Item 3 ( For Question 13 )
U.S. lawmakers have criticized- the recent US-North Korean deal calling for
freeing Pyongyang’s nuclear program in return for US diplomatic and economic concessions. They express concern that the North may take the concessions and break
the accord. Other lawmakers noted that inspection of Pyongyang’s nuclear site is not required for at least five years. The U. S. chief negotiator defended the
accord, saying he had made no compromises that would damage U. S. national security.
News Item 4 ( For Questions 14-15 )
Italy, a major producer of landmines, has joined the campaign to ban the weapons which kill and maim many thousands of people every year. The Chamber of Deputies, the Lower House of Parliament voted 402 to 2 with four abstentions to ratify a 1980 convention that will commit Italy to drastically limit the use of landmines and help to clear mined areas. Parliament also pledged Italy’s support
for efforts led by the Secretary General of the United Nations, the International Red Cross and the Swedish Government to promote a total international ban on
the production and export of the mines. The Italian Parliament acted at the request of Defense Minister.
SECTION D NOTE-TAKING AND GAP-FILLING
Good morning everyone. First about your second assignment. I’d like to re
mind you that your second assignment should be handed in by next Friday, You can either put it in my pigeon hole or leave it with the department secretary. Now, let’s
get down to the lecture.
Today the lecture is on credit or, to be more specific, on credit cards. I’m sure you must have heard of some credit cards like the Visa card, which is an internationally used card or the GREat Wall card issued by the Bank of China.
In order to give a better understanding we’ll discuss it in sonic detail. Many
businesses, such as department stores, restaurants, hotels and airline companies
use a credit system for selling their products and services. In a credit system
the seller aGREes to sell something to the buyer without immediately receiving
cash. He receives the goods or services immediately and promises to pay for them
later. This buy-now-pay-later credit system is quite old. There are two types of credit cards. One type is issued directly by a store to a customer. Many large
department stores issue credit cards to their customers. The store credit card
can be used to make purchases only at a particular store. For example, if you have a credit card from Store A, then you can only buy things in that store. Other
stores would not accept it.
The other kind of credit cards is issued by a credit company. Credit cards
from credit companies can be used to buy things almost anywhere. If you have a major credit card, you can buy air plane tickets, stay in hotels and eat in restaurants with it. Most large credit companies are connected to large banks. So if
you want a credit card from a credit company, you generally have to make an application at a bank. After an applicant receives a credit card, he or she can make
purchases using the card. The credit company sends the customer a statement of
purchases at the end of each month. Generally the Customer has to pay 25 to 50 percent of their (his) credit bill every month. The customer pays directly to the credit company and the credit company pays to the store or hotel or restaurant.
There are some advantages and some disadvantages to using credit cards. The biggest advantage for the consumer is expressed by the phrase “Buy now, pay later
”.
This means that the consumer can purchase what he wants when he wants it. There
is no need to save up money in advance. Another advantage of having a credit card is that it protects the owner, if a credit card is lost or stolen, the owner
only has to call the credit company, and the credit company will stop the credit
card number, No one else can use it. So the owner doesn’t have to worry about
losing the card.
Another advantage of the credit card system is that the consumer receives a
record of his or her purchases. Every month the credit customer receives a bill
. The bill has a list of all purchases from that month. This makes it easier to
remember when and where purchases are made. And another advantage is that credit
cards can be used when something unexpected happens. Many kinds of professional people - plumbers, taxi drivers, doctors and dentists
will accept credit cards in an emergency. This is very important if you don’t
have any cash with you.
However, having said all that, using credit cards has one major advantage,
that is consumers tend to overspend their money. They spend more than they make.
If a consumer buys a lot of things on credit, he or she has to make large payments each month. Sometimes it becomes impossible to keep up with the payments. As
a result, the consumer’s life becomes more and more difficult. If the consumer
cannot make the payments, his card will be taken away. It will be very difficult
for him to get another credit card in the future.
To sum up briefly, we can see a credit buying system has both advantages an
d disadvantages. On the one hand it gives people convenience in life and on the
other hand it tends to encourage overspending.
答案与详解
PAPER ONE
PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSION
SECTION A TALK
1.答案：B
【问句译文】在Black Forest里，酸雨对下列哪一项没有造成危害？
【试题分析】本题为细节题，可用排除法解答。
【详细解答】从录音中可知，“ …the acid rain,…and attacks the soil. … the acid rain attacks the leaves … 76 percent of all firs are dying.”，这里只有B项未涉及
到，也就是说酸雨只是对金属没有造成危害。
2.答案：D
【问句译文】在Black Forest里，冷杉死亡的比例是多少？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】解答本题的关键句是“…76％ of all fir trees and l6％ of all others are
dying．”由此可知，冷杉死亡的比例为76％。
注意：考生应注意区分每个百分比所对应的内容是什么。
3.答案：A
【问句译文】德国为解决这一问题而生产了什么？
【试题分析】本题为总结题。
【详细解答】录音中讲到：“…all new cars in Germany must now meet new emission standards and be fitted with a device called catalytic converter．”这句话与选项A的
意思一致。
4.答案：D
【问句译文】下列哪种说法是错误的？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】解答本题的关键句是“It’s unlikely that Germany will force her European
neighbours to change to lead-free petrol．”选项D与这句话的意思恰好相反，故为正
确答案。
5.答案：A
【问句译文】对于将来解决酸雨问题，讲话者的语气怎样？
【试题分析】本题为推理题。
【详细解答】讲话者首先讲了酸雨的危害，接着讲述了欧洲国家，最后重提其危害性，以警告的语
气，以引起人们的注意，故选项A为正确答案。
SECTION B INTERVIEW
6.答案：A
【问句译文】Pitt先生擅长哪一学科？
【试题分析】本题为细节分析题。
【详细解答】当面试者问到“What subjects did you take?”时， Pitt先生回答说“I took
four subjects．．．Chemistry wasn’t my cup of tea but art has always been．”，
由此可知， Pitt先生擅长的学科是A。
7.答案：C
【问句译文】Pitt先生业余时间不做什么？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】当面试者问道“What do you do in your spare time?”他回答道：“I like
jazz，traditional and folk music．I don’t play…”，文中的意思是他虽然喜欢音乐，
但他自己并不唱，他都是去听音乐会，故选项C为正确答案。
8.答案：B
【问句译文】Pitt先生对管理者这一角色的看法怎样？
【试题分析】本题为推理题。
【详细解答】当面试者问道“What exactly do you think a manager does?”Pitt先生回答
说“I don’t know a GREat deal about the work…I，I，er，should think a manager must know，er，something about all aspects of the work．”从Pitt先生的吞吞吐吐的
答话中可知，他不知如何回答，故选项B为正确答案。
9.答案：A
【问句译文】Pitt先生说他想干什么？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】解答本题的关键句是“I’d like to be some sort of an export salesman and
travel abroad．” 由此可知选项A为正确答案。
10.答案：C
【问句译文】有关管理培训计划的陈述，下列哪一项是正确的？
【试题分析】本题为排除题。
【详细解答】面试者谈话最后说“As for salary，you’d be on our fixed scale starting at 870 pounds．” 由此可知选项C为正确答案。
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
News Item 1
11.答案：B
【问句译文】下列哪一项陈述是正确的？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】这则新闻报道的是一件持枪绑架案。一持枪者绑架了一所学校的十二名孩子企图
得到一架直升飞机和1千万美金的赎金，但经过四天的挣扎最终还是被捕。这些绑匪最初打
算飞往伊朗，俄国当局认为他们的目标仅是为了得到1千万美金，最后这些钱又回到了政府
手中。由此可知，只有选项B为正确答案。
News Item 2
12.答案：A
【问句译文】根据该新闻，美国军队在巴拿马怎样？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】新闻中提到：“More than 200 American soldiers were injured when the Cuban boat people，angry at delays in moving them out of Panama．”这句话与选项A的
意思一致。
News Item 3
13.答案：C
【问句译文】下列哪一项陈述是正确的？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】新闻中提到：“They expressed concern that the North may take the diplomatic and economic concessions．”因此选项C正确。
News Item 4
14.答案：C
【问句译文】根据该新闻，要求意大利国会按什么行动？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】新闻最后一句说“The Italian Parliament acted at the request of Defense
Minister．”由此直接可知选项Ｃ为正确答案。
15.答案：B
【问句译文】对于限制使用地雷这个问题，意大利国会的态度怎样？
【试题分析】本题为总结题。
【详细解答】新闻最后一句同时表明了意大利国会的态度，即禁止生产武器，故选项B为正确
答案。
SECTION D NOTE-TAKING AND GAP-FILLING
1.答案：limited／restricted
【详细解答】在介绍第一种信用卡时说“One type is issued directly by a store to a customer…Other stores would not accept it”由此可知，这种卡的使用是受限制的，只能
在指定的商店使用。
2.答案：bank
【详细解答】由“…you generally have to make an application at a bank．”可知，应
该到银行去申请。
3.答案：purchases／transaction
【详细解答】解答本题要听清“The credit company sends the customer a statement of p
urchases at the end of each month．”
4.答案：bill
【详细解答】由“Generally the customer has to pay 25—50％ of their credit bill every month．”这句话可直接得知此处应填写bill。
5.答案：necessary／essential
【详细解答】由句子“This means that the consumer can purchase what he wants when h
e wants it．There is no need to save up money in advance．”可知，此处应填写necessary或essential。
6.答案：regular
【详细解答】“…the consumer receives a record of his or her purchases．Every month the credit customer receives a bill．”即顾客每月都能收到一份定期的账单记录。
7.答案：place
【详细解答】“This makes it easier to remember when and where purchases are made．
”这里的when对应的是time，where对应的则是place。
8.答案：emergency
【详细解答】只要听清 “Many kinds of professional people—plumbers，taxi-drivers，doctors and dentists will accept credit cards in an emergency．”就可直接填写emergency。
9.答案：overspend
【详细解答】
文中有答案：只要听清“…Consumers tend to overspend their money．”就可直接填写overspend。
10.答案：payments
【详细解答】由“Sometimes it becomes impossible to keep up with the payments．”可
知，此空应填payments。
PART Ⅱ PROOFREADING AND ERROR CORRECTION
1.答案：can → must
【详细解答】根据上下文，短文第一句指出了“抓板凳”是典型的意图性动作。第二句就来解
释这个动作发生的情景，即主客谈了许久后，主人有个约会，必须离开去赴约。这里要表示
一种主动愿望“必须，不得不”的意思，而不是能力。所以应将can改为must。
2.答案：not∧→to。
【详细解答】本题属动词不定式否定形式的误用。one’s desire to do sth．为固定搭配，意
为“去做……的欲望，想去做……”，其否定形式是在to前面加not，即one’s desire not
to do sth．意为“不愿去做……”。
3.答案：of→about
【详细解答】本句是说“如果他不在意客人的感受，他就会从座位上站起来，说他要离开”，
这里要表达“对……在意，在乎”，故应该用care about这一固定搭配，而care for意为“
喜欢，爱好；照顾”，不合题意。
4.答案：to
【详细解答】本句中的get up out of his chair(从板凳上站起来)和announce his depart
ure (说他要离开)是两个衔接很紧的动作，共用助动词would，所以应将to删掉。
5.答案：therefore→but
【详细解答】根据上下文，本句的前后两部分之间是转折关系。而therefore意为“因此”，
表示因果关系，因此应改用转折连词but。
6.答案：raise→rise。
【详细解答】raise为及物动词，意为“使升高，提升；抚养，养育”，其后必须接宾语。而
本句中的动词raise后无宾语，所以应改为rise。rise为不及物动词，意为“起身”。
7.答案：as∧→if或though
【详细解答】本句意为“身体向前，抓住椅子的扶手，就好像要把自己支撑起来一样”。而连
词as不能表达“仿佛，好像”的意思，只有把它改成as if／though才合乎题意。
8.答案：make→perform或do
【详细解答】文中要表达的意思是“他将首先做出的动作。”只有perform／do an action表
示“做动作”，而没有make an act这一表达方式。
9.答案：the→a
【详细解答】定冠词the表特指，不定冠词a／an表泛指。这里是说“如果他不迟疑，动作只会
花不到一秒的时间”，是泛指任何一秒，而不是特指某一秒，所以应该用不定冠词。
10.答案：post→posture
【详细解答】post意为“柱杆；邮件；职位，岗位”等；posture意为“姿势，举止；态度”
。这里是说“他保持着‘随时起身’的姿势”，所以应用posture合乎题意。
PART Ⅲ READING COMPREHENSION
SECTION A
TEXT A
短文大意：本文介绍的是《大西洋月刊》在改版之后的设计方面的新特点。
16.答案：C
【参考译文】下列哪一项不属于新设计中的内容？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】短文第三段首句说“The primary typefaces Garlan chose for this task are
Times Roman，for a more readable body type，and Bauer Bodoni，for a more stylish and flexible display type (article titles，large initials，and so on)．” 由此
可知，新的设计包括对字体与杂志结构的调整，新选用的主要字体是Times Roman和Bauer B
odoni；第三句接着说“The articles in the front of the magazine，which once flowed into one another，now stand on their own，to gain prominence．”这句话表明杂志
前部分的文章也做了相应调整：文章之间不再相互交叉，而是各自独立。故选项C“创建旅
游专栏”为正确答案。
17.答案：A
【参考译文】根据该短文，有哪些人参与了新的设计？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】短文第四段最后一句说“Garlan was in various ways assisted in the redesign by the entire art-department staff…” 由此可知，Garlan作为艺术总监，在重新
设计《大西洋月刊》的过程中得到了整个艺术部工作人员的大力协助，而并非是她一个人，
更不是只有封面设计者 (cover artist)参与了这一新的设计。因此正确答案为A (art dire
ctor和other artists一起参与了设计工作)。
18.答案：D
【参考译文】本文的写作目的是什么？
【试题分析】本题为主旨题。
【详细解答】文章第一段首先指出杂志设计的重要性，接着说明了《大西洋月刊》一直希望能
有一种文学性与新闻性并存的设计；最后作者指出Tudy Garlan对《大西洋月刊》的重新设
计很好地体现了文学性与新闻性并存的特征。文章在接下来的几段详细介绍了Garlan对《大
西洋月刊》杂志重新设计的内容及特色。由此可知本文写作目的主要在于向读者介绍Garlan
的新设计及其特色，因此选项D为正确答案。
TEXT B
短文大意：本文是对《名人传记词典》一书的批评。
19.答案：C
【参考译文】为什么作者认为购买最近出版的一册名人传记没有什么意义？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】 短文第一段第五句说“And have you got the rest of volumes? You need the basic 22 plus the largely decennial supplements to bring the total to 31．”由
此可知，这一整套书共有31册，只买一册就没什么意义了，故答案选C。
20.答案：D
【参考译文】在谁应被收录进词典这一问题上，作者持怎样的观点？
【试题分析】本题为推理题。
【详细解答】在短文的第二、第三段，作者很明确地表明了在人物选择上的不同看法，并举例
说明在选择谁应被收录进词典时没有遵照一定的原则，是不合理的。如第三段第一句说“There remains the dinner party game of who’s in，who’s out．”这表明作者认为编者在
选择对象时就象是邀请参加宴会的一场游戏，证明了编者不谨慎的态度，故选项D为正确答
案。
21.答案：C
【参考译文】Crippen没被收录进词典的原因是什么？
【试题分析】本题为推理题。
【详细解答】文章只是在第三段谈到了Crippen未被收录进名人词典，该段的最后一句说“But
then Crippen was reputed as the first murderer to be caught by telegraphy．”通
篇没有说明Crippen未被收录进词典的原因。因此选项C(原因不明)为正确答案。
22.答案：B
【参考译文】作者为什么在文章最后一段引用词典中一些人物条目？
【试题分析】本题为推理题。
【详细解答】在短文的最后一段作者先以收录的名人Hugo为例，没有记录其生死年月（dates
of birth and death are not recorded)；接着说对于画家Levina Teerlinc的描述也不能
让人觉得她是位值得纪念的艺术家(Doesn’t seem to qualify her as a memorable artist
)。从以上内容可知，作者引用一些条目目的是为了强调说明自己的观点：DNB的编纂方法与内
容存在问题。因此，选项B为正确答案。
23.答案：C
【参考译文】在整篇文章里，作者对DNB是何语气？
【试题分析】本题为推理题。
【详细解答】作者在文章一开始便指出买最近一册的DNB毫无意义，并分析了相关原因。接着
作者在第三、四段讽刺说DNB在选择收录哪些名人的问题上就象做请人赴宴的游戏一样，毫
无原则，极不合理。最后一段作者引用了几个名人条目强调说明了DNB的编纂方法与内容存
在的问题。作者在对词典的不足之处进
行评述时有理有据，并无“刻薄”之心。故选项Ｃ“讽刺的”为正确答案。
TEXT C
短文大意：这篇短文论述的是人们想通过药物来延长生命的做法是不可取的。
24.答案：B
【参考译文】根据作者的观点，延长人的生命等同于什么？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】短文第一段提到“But，as any geriatric ward shows，that is not the same
as to confer enduring mobility，awareness and autonomy．Extending life grows me
dically feasible，but it is often a life deprived of everything.” 由此可知，延
长生命并不等于给予人们持久的灵活性、觉察力与自治力，依靠药物是可以延长生命的，但
是这等于过着一种被剥夺了一切的生活。因此选项B为正确答案。
25.答案：D
【参考译文】文章第二段对什么进行了比较？
【试题分析】本题为细节归纳题。
【详细解答】短文第二段第二句说：“It would mirror the fate of athletics，in which disproportionate energies and resources-not least medical ones, like illegal s
teroids-are now invested to shave records by milliseconds．”由此表明靠药物来延
长生命如同运动员服用兴奋剂那样都是会产生不良后果的，故第二段是将“运动员和长寿”
进行了比较。
TEXT D
短文大意：本文介绍了智利在发展旅游业方面所面临的问题。
26.答案：A
【参考译文】什么是影响智利旅游业提高的不利因素？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】短文第一段首句说“The biggest problem facing Chile as it promotes itself as a tourist destination to be reckoned with, is that it is at the end of the earth.”，此话告诉我们，智利在旅游业开发方面遇到的最大障碍是它位于地球末端。由
此可知，地理位置是智利旅游业发展的不利因素。故选项A(地理位置)为正确答案。
27.答案：B
【参考译文】智利过去好多游客不是来自下列哪一地方？
【试题分析】本题为细节推理题。
【详细解答】短文第二段第二句说“But it is succeeding, not only in existing market
s like the USA and Western Europe but in new territories，in particular the Far
East．”这里是说，现在智利不仅在老市场，如美国和西欧，吸引更多游客，而且在新地区
，特别是远东地区也成功地吸引一批游客。由此可知，智利过去游客来自美国与西欧，而远
东是新开辟的市场。因此选项B(远东地区)为正确答案。
28.答案：C
【参考译文】根据作者的观点，什么是智利最吸引人的地方？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】短文第五段通过具体例子说明了它的许多吸引处，但第六段提出：“But the trump card is the Andes mountain range．”这与选项C的意思一致，故答案选C。
29.答案：B
【参考译文】根据该短文，智利正在哪一方面进行改进？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】短文第九段首句说“Internal transport links are being improved and luxury hotels are being built in one of its national parks．”由此可知，智利国内交通
线路正在得到改善，故选项B“国内交通体系”为正确答案。
30.答案：A
【参考译文】下列哪一项不是人们反对智利发展旅游业的原因？
【试题分析】本题为细节题，可用排除法解答。
【详细解答】短文倒数第二段第一句说“The policy of opening up Antarctica to tourism
is also politically sensitive．” 由此可排除选项B“政治上的敏感”；该段最后一说
“There is a genuine fear that areas of Chile will suffer the cultural destruction…，”由此可知，人们担心旅游业开发会破坏当地文化，由此可排除选项Ｃ；短文倒数
第三段第二句说“Indigenous and environmental groups, including GREenpeace, say that many parts of the Andes will suffer if they become over-developed. ”由此可
知，当地居民和环境保护人士都是反对过度开发智利旅游业的，因此应排除选项D(引起当地
的环境污染)。只有选项A(雄心的，不现实的)不符合文意，故为正确答案。
SECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANNING
TEXT E
短文大意：文章介绍的是如何提高意志力的方法问题。
31.答案：B
【参考译文】本文的主旨是什么？
【试题分析】本题为主旨题。
【详细解答】快速跳读各段的黑体小标题，“Be positive；Make up your mind； Sharpen your will；Expect trouble；Be realistic；Be patient；Keep it up．”由此可知，作者
论述的是如何提高意志力的问题，故选项B(介绍提高意志力的方法)为正确答案。
TEXT F
短文大意：本文介绍的是邮递出售私有股票的优势。
32.答案：D
【参考译文】文中信息告诉我们，现在可以在什么地方出售股票？
【试题分析】本题为推理题。
【详细解答】文章的首句说“Investors seeking a cheap，no—frills way to sell privatisation shares need look no further than the postbox”即想出售私有股票的投资者如
果既不想花费太大，又不想多惹麻烦的话，只要看他们的信箱就行了。”由此可以判断，股
票可以通过邮寄的形式出售。
TEXT G
短文大意：本文论述了欧洲和美国在“青年人市场”方面的异同点。
33.答案：A
【参考译文】在这篇短文里，作者对所讨论的问题持什么样的态度？
【试题分析】本题为推理题。
【详细解答】作者对欧洲和美国在“青年人市场”的相同点与不同点进行了分析，有理有据，
并未带任何偏见与倾向，故选项A“实事求是”为正确答案。
TEXT H
短文大意：本文介绍的是公司里的职员购买小车的方式。
34.答案：A
【参考译文】文章主要内容是什么？
【试题分析】本题为主旨题。
【详细解答】文章在谈到各种型号的汽车时都涉及使用者的情况，如：“For company chairmen， the BMW 7 series and Jaguar’s Dainler Double Six top the list of favoured
cars，with upper range Mercedes-Benz models close behind．The chief executive’s tastes follow a similar pattern with Jaguar’s Sovereign 4.0 Litre and．．．Senior
managers favour the BMX 3 and 5 series…”，由此可以推知，正确的答案为A(讨论用
车方式)。而不是“为英国著名汽车作广告”，也不是“推荐廉价的公司用车”，更不是“
介绍不同类型的汽车”。
TEXT I
短文大意：本文是一本书的各章节内容简介。
35.答案：B
【参考译文】哪一章谈到马克思对知识界的影响？
【试题分析】本题为细节推理题。
【详细解答】短文第一段提到第一部分的第一章谈论的内容是技术变革概念化的各个方面（aspects of the conceptualization of technological change），接着第二段提到：“A separate chapter is devoted to Marx．”由此可以推断a separate chapter指的是第二章
节，故答案选B。
36.答案：D
【参考译文】哪一章讨论的是高技术工业的重要学习途径？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】首先查找关键词important source of learning，找到短文第五段的“Chapter
6，‘Learning by Using，’identifies an important source of learning that grows
out of actual experience in using products characterized by a high deGREe of sys
tem complexity．” 由此句可直接选出正确答案D。
37.答案：C
【参考译文】哪一章讨论了市场力量在革新中的角色？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】通过查找关键词 role of market forces，在文中第七段首句说“The three chapters constituting Part Ⅲ share a common concern with the role of market forces in shaping both the rate and direction of innovative activities．”由此句可
直接选出正确答案C。
TEXT J 〖HJ0.85mm〗
短文大意：本文为一则新闻学生奖的参赛须知。
38.答案：B
【参考译文】谁能参加比赛？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】本题应该在ELIGIBILITY中去找答案。这一段提到“The contest is open to al
l undergraduate students enrolled in a U．S．college．”由此可知，选项B为正确答
案。
39.答案：C
【参考译文】下列四个选项中的哪一项不是参赛规则？
【试题分析】本题为细节题，可用排除法解答。
【详细解答】选项A、B、D都能在ENTRY RULES中找到。而选项C“每位选手只能交一篇参赛文章
”与文中的“…Each writer may submit up to three separate entries…”相矛盾，故C为正确答案。
TEXT K
短文大意：本文是一则假日旅游广告。
40.答案：D
【参考译文】根据这篇假日旅游广告，花$939可以做什么？
【试题分析】本题为细节题。
【详细解答】快速查找关键词$939，在第三段找到：“You can enjoy three weeks for the
price of two at the Outrigger Village Hotel for just $899 during November or $93
9 in October．”由此可知，花$939可以于十月份在夏威夷的Outrigger山庄度三周假。
PAPER TWO
PART Ⅳ TRANSLATION
SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH
My advisor was an Asian American. He indulged himself in smoking and alcoholic drinking and was hot-tempered. But he appreciated the diligence and the sound basic knowledge of students of Asian origin very much, and shared their sentiments (understood their feeling). Therefore, of the six students who were permitted to study in his laboratory, only one was from Germany, the other five were al
l from Asia. He was so straight forward as to put up a note on the door of his lab, which read: “Research assistant in this lab must work seven days a week, from 10 a.m. to midnight every day, and must spare no effort (go all out) in work hours.“ He was well known throughout the campus for his strictness and severity.
During the three and a half years of my work there fourteen students entered his
lab, but only five left with a doctor’s deGREe. In the summer of 1990, irrespective of other’s advice, I forced myself to receive his assistance and began my hard journey for schooling.
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE
观看歌剧是件昂贵的事。昂贵是必然的。然而昂贵的东西并非富人所独有，除非我们放
弃社会赋予的选择权。我们有权做出选择去创作歌剧和其它昂贵的文化形式，使那些单凭个
人的能力无力支付的人享受得起。问题在于我们为什么要这样做?没有人否定食物、住所
、防御能力、健康和教育是必不可少的，即使在史前的山洞里，人类伸出手来不仅是为了吃
、喝、战斗，他们还作画。文化的冲动，即通过想象和表达去显示和探索世界的渴望是最根
本的东西。在欧洲，这种渴望已通过音乐、绘画、文学和戏剧的名著得以实现。这些名著对
我们付出的所有努力进行了检验。它们成了人类的思维和想象力所能达到程度的试金石它们
包含着人与人之间能够传递的最深刻的信息。
PART Ⅴ WRITING
Sowing the Seeds, Nurturing Growth and Harvesting the Rewards
In spring we sow the seeds in the soil. We look after them and cut off seeds for them. And in autumn, we are very happy to get harvest. A student’s success
in university study follows the same pattern as that of farming. The teachers are the seeds in our mind by giving lectures to us. We can get nothing without hard working. That is to say “No pains, no gains.”
First, if we hope a harvest, the seeds play the fundamental role, or we can
say that it is ery important to listen carefully to the teachers. In my point of view, it is the teacher who sows the seeds. What is seed? It is knowledge. Some students sleep in the class. They carry nothing with them when they leave the classroom. That is to say they don’t get seeds from the teachers. They are not interested in the lectures. They like to stay up all night to review the lesson. Now it seems that they are working hard in a field, which has no seeds in the soil. It sounds ridiculous, isn’t it? Therefore, to absorb in class is very important.
Second, nurturing growth is the key point in farming, or we can say that hard working for the students themselves is the most important. We can imagine that we sow the seeds in the soil and then don’t pay attention to them any more. Then how can we get a harvest? If we don’t water the seeds, they will dry and can never become a plant. If we don’t get rid of the seeds, the plant will die of malnutrition. It is the same in study. Listen carefully to the teachers and get the seeds in our mind and notebooks. But we must review the lesson. We must grasp the knowledge. We should borrow more books which are relevant to the class from library and absorb the knowledge. This is the most important process in study. When you say: “ Oh, the knowledge is mine now. It doesn’t belong to the teachers any longer,” you finish the hard work process in study.
Third, harvesting is also an important process. That is to say that you must learn to use what you have studied to get a good result in examination. Some students work all day long. They usually fail in the exam. They are worried before exam and forget everything when enter the classroom for exam. They got the seeds, they devoted all their energy to the field but they don’t know how to harvest their rewards. So let’s learn the skill of harvest and get our rewards.
To sum up, the three processes are all important if we want to be a successful student. Without one of them, we will fail in our study. Try to improve your
self in the three aspects; you can certainly become an excellent student.
本套真题测试的语言重点：
重点单词：
consumerism 用户至上主义
prominence 突出，显著；突出物
dilemma 进退两难的局面，困难的选择
relapse 复发，回复原状
emergence 浮现，露出
emulation 竞争，效法
diffuse 散播，传播
重点词组：
be provided with 提供，拥有
in the shade 逊色
attest to 证实，证明
the law of diminishing returns 收益递减规律
