华裔化学家，美国科学院院士、医学院院士，美国加州大学圣迭戈分校化学及药理学两系教授，中国著名科学家钱学森的堂侄。
境外媒体报道，钱永健与哈佛大学的利伯有望夺得2008年度诺贝尔化学奖，他发明多色莹光蛋白标记技术，为细胞生物学和神经生物学发展带来一场革命。
姓名：钱永健
英文：Roger Tsien，罗杰钱
性别：男
出生：1952年
生于：纽约
国籍：美国
祖籍：中国浙江杭州
堂叔：钱学森，中国导弹之父
哥哥：钱永佑（Richard Tsien），斯坦福大学教授、曾任生理系主任
荣誉：
16岁即以金属如何与硫氰酸盐结合为题获西屋科学天才奖 （The Westinghouse Science Talent）
20岁获哈佛大学学士（化学和物理，Witha National Merit Scholarship）
剑桥大学博士及博士后（生理学）
曾获沃尔夫奖（Wolf Prize in Medicine，2004），全美化学学会，蛋白质学会等多项大奖
1994年，华裔美国科学家钱永健（Roger Y Tsien）开始改造GFP，有多项发现。世界上用的大多数是钱永健实验室改造后的变种，有的荧光更强，有的黄色、蓝色，有的可激活、可变色。到一些不常用做研究模式的生物体内找有颜色的蛋白成为一些人的爱好，现象正如当年在嗜热生物中找到以后应用广泛的PCR用多聚酶后的一波浪潮。不过真发现的有用东西并不很多。成功的例子有俄国科学院生物有机化学研究所Sergey A. Lukyanov实验室从珊瑚里发现其他荧光蛋白，包括红色荧光蛋白。
生物发光现象，下村修和约翰森以前就有人研究。萤火虫发荧光，是由荧光酶（luciferase）作为酶催化底物分子荧光素（luciferin），有化学反应如氧化，以后产生荧光。而蛋白质本身发光，无需底物，起源是下村修和约翰森的研究。
下村修和约翰森用过几种实验动物，和本故事相关的是学名为Aequorea victoria的水母。1962年，下村修和约翰森等在《细胞和比较生理学杂志》上报道，他们分离纯化了水母中发光蛋白水母素。据说下村修用水母提取发光蛋白时，有天下班要回家了，他把产物倒进水池里，临出门前关灯后，依依不舍地回头看了一眼水池，结果见水池闪闪发光。因为水池也接受养鱼缸的水，他怀疑是鱼缸成分影响水母素，不久他就确定钙离子增强水母素发光。1963年，他们在《科学》杂志报道钙和水母素发光的关系。其后Ridgway和Ashley 提出可以用水母素来检测钙浓度，创造了检测钙的新方法。钙离子是生物体内的重要信号分子，水母素成为第一个有空间分辨能力的钙检测方法，是目前仍用的方法之一。
1955年Davenport和Nicol发现水母可以发绿光，但不知其因。在1962 年下村修和约翰森在那篇纯化水母素的文章中，有个注脚，说还发现了另一种蛋白，它在阳光下呈绿色、钨丝下呈黄色、紫外光下发强烈绿色。其后他们仔细研究了其发光特性。1974年，他们纯化到了这个蛋白，当时称绿色蛋白、以后称绿色荧光蛋白GFP。Morin和Hastings提出水母素和GFP之间可以发生能量转移。水母素在钙刺激下发光，其能量可转移到GFP，刺激GFP发光。这是物理化学中知道的荧光共振能量转移(FRET)在生物中的发现。
下村修本人对GFP的应用前景不感兴趣，也没有意识到应用的重要性。他离开普林斯顿到 Woods Hole海洋研究所后，同事普腊石(Douglas Prasher)非常感兴趣发明生物示踪分子。1985年普腊石和日裔科学家Satoshi Inouye独立根据蛋白质顺序拿到了水母素的基因（准确地说是cDNA）。1992年，普腊石拿到了GFP的基因。有了cDNA，一般生物学研究者就很好应用，比用蛋白质方便多了。
普腊石1992年发表GFP的cDNA后，不做科学研究了。他申请美国国家科学基金时，评审者说没有蛋白质发光的先例，就是他找到了，也没什么价值。一气之下，他离开学术界去麻省空军国民卫队基地，给农业部动植物服务部工作。当时他如果花几美元，就可以做一个一般研究生都能做，但是非常漂亮的工作：将水母的GFP基因放到其他生物体内，比如细菌里，看到荧光，就完全证明GFP本身可以发光，无需其它底物或者辅助分子。
将GFP表达到其它生物体这项工作，1994年由两个实验室独立进行：美国哥伦比亚大学做线虫的Marty Chalfie实验室，和加州大学圣迭哥分校、Scripps海洋研究所的两位日裔科学家Inouye和Tsuji。
水母素和GFP都有重要的应用。但水母素仍是荧光酶的一种，它需要荧光素。而GFP蛋白质本身发光，在原理上有重大突破。
Chalfie的文章立即引起轰动，很多生物学研究者纷纷将GFP引入自己的系统。在一个新系统表达GFP就能在《自然》、《科学》上发表文章，其实不过是跟风性质，没有原创性。
纵观整个过程，从1961年到1974年，下村修和约翰森的研究遥遥领先，而很少人注意。如果其他生化学家愿意，他们也可以得到水母素和GFP，技术并不特别难。在1974年以后，特别是八十年代后，后继的工作，很多研究生都很容易做。其中例外是钱永健实验室发现变种出现新颜色，并非显而易见。
钱永健的工作
钱永健是和下村修研究相关的一位重要科学家。他在成像技术中，有两项重要工作都与下村修有一定关系。
一项是钙染料。1980年钱永健发明检测钙离子浓度的染料分子，1981年改进将染料引入细胞的方法，以后发明更多、更好的染料，被广泛应用。检测钙的方法有三种：选择性电极、水母素、钙染料。在钱永健的钙染料没有出现以前，具有空间检测能力的只有水母素，但当时水母素需要注射到细胞内，应用不方便，而钱永健的染料可以通透到细胞里面去。水母素和钙染料各有优缺点，目前用染料的人多。钱永健还发明了多种染料用于研究其他分子。
钱永健的第二项工作是GFP。1994年起，钱永健开始研究GFP，改进GFP的发光强度，发光颜色（发明变种，多种不同颜色），发明更多应用方法，阐明发光原理。世界上应用的FP，多半是他发明的变种。他的专利有很多人用，有公司销售。
钱永健的工作，从八十年代一开始就引人瞩目。他可能是世界上被邀请给学术报告最多的科学家，因为化学和生物都要听他的报告，既有技术应用、也有一些很有趣的现象。他1952年出生，年龄允许等很多年（而80高龄的下村修没有这个优势）。所以，钱永健多年被很多人认为会得诺贝尔奖，可以是化学、也可以是生理奖。必须指出，钱永健非常肯定下村修的工作，钱较早公开介绍下村修的发现。
钱永健是钱学森的堂侄。他家有很多科学家和工程师。他中学时获得过美国西屋天才奖第一名，大学在哈佛念化学和物理，20岁毕业，后在英国剑桥大学获生理学博士。他的哥哥钱永佑（Richard W Tsien）是神经生物学家，曾任Stanford大学生理系主任。两兄弟分别获Rhodes和Marshall学者奖（通常认为是美国大学生竞争性最强的两个奖学金，克林顿总统曾获Rhodes），到英国留学，九十年代双双成为美国科学院院士。钱学森回国后，国内教育体系在他的子女应该上大学时受到极大破坏，使钱学森的子女钱永刚、钱永真没有得到他们堂兄弟的发展环境。钱永刚出生于1948年，文革后才念大学。但愿钱永健在钱学森先生在世的时候获奖，告慰他们全家。
我认识钱永佑，不认识钱永健。我在华盛顿大学有位同事，在神经生物学和现代成像都用重要发现和发明，他要求很高，批判性很强，公开发表文章批热门的领域、批很多人研究不解决问题。他也看不起一些诺贝尔奖得主。有一年刚宣布得奖名单，我到他办公室去聊天，他没等我开口，就说：“今天是不幸的一天”。他认为那些人没一个值得得奖。这位批判性很强的人，却非常佩服钱永健。
Yongjian money (English name: Roger Yonchien Tsien)
Chinese chemists, the United States Academy of Sciences, Academy of Medicine, University of California, San Diego and chemical pharmacology professor in the Department of the two, well-known Chinese scientist Qian Tang Zhi's.
Foreign media, the money Yongjian Lieber of Harvard University and is expected to win the 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, he invented multi-color fluorescent protein markers for cell biology and neurobiology development of a revolution.
Name: Qian Yongjian
English: Roger Tsien, Roger money
Sex: Male
Date of birth: 1952
Born: New York
Nationality: American
Ancestral home: Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
Tang Shu: Qian, the father of Chinese missile
Brother: Qian Yong-woo (Richard Tsien), Stanford University professor and former Head of the Department of Physiology
Honor:
16-year-old metal that is how to combine with thiocyanate title by Westinghouse Science Talent Award (The Westinghouse Science Talent)
20-year-old Harvard deGREe (chemistry and physics, Witha National Merit Scholarship)
Ph.D., University of Cambridge and post-doctoral (physiology)
Wolf Prize winner (Wolf Prize in Medicine, 2004), the National Institute of Chemistry, Institute of protein and so on a number of awards
Yongjian money and the phenomenon of bioluminescence research
In 1994, Chinese-American scientists Yongjian money (Roger Y Tsien) began to transform GFP, a number of discovery. In the world with the most money Yongjian laboratory modified variant, and some stronger fluorescence, some yellow, blue, and some can be activated, can change color. Some do not commonly used to study the biological model to find the body of color have become some of the protein-loving people, as the phenomenon of the year in the thermophilic biological later found in a wide range of applications using PCR polymerase wave after wave of. But I found not a lot of useful things. There are successful examples of the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Organic Chemistry Biological Laboratory Sergey A. Lukyanov from the coral found in other fluorescent protein, including red fluorescent protein.
Bioluminescence, the village under repair and Johnson was on the previous study. Firefly made fluorescent by fluorescent enzyme (luciferase)-catalyzed as a substrate molecule fluorescein (luciferin), there are chemical reactions such as oxidation, after the fluorescence produced. The light-emitting protein itself, without substrate, the origin of the village was under repair and Johnson.
Under the amendments, and Johnson used the village of several experimental animals, and this story is relevant to the study, called Aequorea victoria jellyfish. In 1962, the village under repair, such as Johnson and the "cell physiology and comparative magazine" reported that their separation and purification of a jellyfish-light-emitting jellyfish protein. It is said that under the revised village with light-emitting jellyfish protein extraction, it is home to world class, he poured water into a product, the lights are turned off in front of a temporary, reluctant to look back pond, see the results of sparkling water. Because the pool is also acceptable to the fish tanks of water, he is suspected to affect the composition of jellyfish-fish tank, he would soon determine the calcium-enhanced light-emitting jellyfish. In 1963, in "Science" magazine reported that calcium-and light-emitting jellyfish. Ridgway and Ashley then made jellyfish can always detect the concentration of calcium, has created a new method of detecting calcium. Calcium is an important signal of biological molecules in the body, jellyfish have become the first-spatial resolution capability of detecting calcium is still one of the methods used.
1955 Davenport and Nicol can be found in jellyfish GREen hair, but I do not know as a result of their. In the next village in 1962 and revised in the Johnson article jellyfish-purification of the article, a footnote, also said that the discovery of another protein, which was green in the sun, tungsten wire under the yellow, issued a strong ultra-violet绿色. They then carefully studied the properties of light-emitting. In 1974, they purified the protein that, when that green protein, said after the green fluorescent protein GFP. Morin and Hastings-made jellyfish GFP and can occur between the energy transfer. Jellyfish in the calcium-stimulated luminescence, and its energy can be transferred to the GFP, to stimulate light-emitting GFP. This is aware of the physical chemistry of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) in biological discoveries.
I repair to the village under the GFP applications are not interested in, nor aware of the importance of the application. He left Princeton to the Woods Hole Marine Research Institute, La Stone & P colleagues (Douglas Prasher) was very interested in trace elements of biological inventions. Philip Stone & P in 1985 and Japanese Satoshi Inouye independent scientists, according to the order to get the jellyfish protein-gene (precisely cDNA). In 1992, Philip Stone & P got the GFP gene. With cDNA, general biology researchers on the application of good, than the protein would be much more convenient.
Shi Pu La-GFP released in 1992 after the cDNA, not a science. His application for the U.S. National Science Foundation, said the assessment of light-emitting protein is no precedent, he found, the value of nothing. Angrily, he left academia to the Air National Guard Base, Mass., to the work of the Department of the Ministry of Agriculture animal and plant services. If he was to spend a few dollars can make a general graduate students can do, but very beautiful work: the jellyfish GFP gene into other organisms in the body, such as bacteria, fluorescent see, there is proof in itself GFP can be luminous, No other substrate or auxiliary elements.
GFP expression to this work to other organisms, in 1994 by two independent laboratories: Columbia University to do the nematode Marty Chalfie laboratories, and the University of California at San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography of the two Japanese Scientists Inouye and Tsuji.
Jellyfish-GFP and have important applications. But still the jellyfish-of-a kind of fluorescence, it needs to fluorescein. The light-emitting GFP protein itself, in principle there is a major breakthrough.
Chalfie article caused an immediate sensation, many biological researchers will have their own system, the introduction of GFP. In a new system will be able to express GFP in the "natural" and "Science" published an article, in fact, is to follow the trend of nature, there is no originality.
Throughout the entire process, from 1961 to 1974, the next village and the repair of the study ahead of Johnson, while very few people pay attention. If others are willing to biochemist, they can be and jellyfish-GFP, technology is not particularly difficult. In 1974, in particular in the 1980s, the follow-up work, a lot of graduate students it is easy to do. One exception was money Yongjian laboratory found that a new variant of color, is not as straightforward.
Yongjian money work
Yongjian money and is under repair the village of study related to an important scientist. He imaging technology, there are two important areas are under a certain amendments Village relations.
Calcium is a dye. Yongjian money in 1980 invented the concentration of calcium detection dye molecules, in 1981 to improve the dye into cells, after the invention of more and better dyes, widely used. Detection of calcium in three ways: selective electrode, jellyfish-calcium dye. Yongjian money in the calcium dye does not appear before the space with the ability to detect the jellyfish-only, but the jellyfish was injected into the cell-needed, the application of inconvenience and the cash Yongjian of the dye can go inside permeability to the cell. Jellyfish and calcium-dye their own strengths and weaknesses of the current use of the dye people. Yongjian money also invented the dye used in a variety of other elements.
Yongjian money is the second GFP. In 1994, money started to look Yongjian GFP, the GFP to improve the luminous intensity, luminous colors (variant of the invention, a variety of different colors), more application of the invention, the light-emitting principle stated. Application of the world's FP, he invented most of the variants. He's a lot of people use the patents, the company sales.
Yongjian money, from the very beginning of the 1980s attention. He may be the world were invited to report the largest number of academic scientists, because the chemical and biological have to listen to his report, the application of existing technology, some very interesting phenomenon. He was born in 1952, age and so allow for many years (and 80-year-old village under the amendment do not have this advantage). Therefore, Yongjian money for many years been a lot of people will think that the Nobel Prize, can be a chemical or a physical prize. It must be pointed out, money is definitely Yongjian, under the village of repair work, money, introduced earlier under the open repair of the village was found.
Yongjian money is the Tang Zhi Qian. His house, a lot of scientists and engineers. His high school days Westinghouse of the United States won the first prize, at Harvard University to study chemistry and physics, 20-year-old graduated from the University of Cambridge in the UK after by Dr. physiology. His brother of money-you-yong (Richard W Tsien) is a neurobiologist, a former Stanford University Head of the Department of Physiology. The two brothers were Rhodes and Marshall Scholars Award (U.S. college students are usually considered to be the most competitive of the two scholarships, President Clinton had been Rhodes), the United Kingdom to study in the 1990s both the United States Academy of Sciences. Qian returned home, the domestic education system in his children to college should be subject to devastating, so that the children of Qian Yong-gang money, money never really did not get their cousins environment for development. Qian Yong-gang was born in 1948, after the Cultural Revolution to go to university. It is hoped that the money never alive Mr. Qian Xuesen alive when the award-winning, and they comfort the family.
I know you never money, the money did not know Yongjian. I have a colleague at the University of Washington in neurobiology and modern imaging are an important discovery and invention, his demanding, highly critical, published articles in the field of the top award, granted a lot of people do not research to solve the problem. He also looked down on a number of Nobel Prize winners. One year has just announced the winners, I went to his office to chat, he did not, and so I began, said: "Today is a sad day." He believes that those who did not deserve an award. The highly critical, but very much admire Yongjian.
Chinese chemists, the United States Academy of Sciences, Academy of Medicine, University of California, San Diego and chemical pharmacology professor in the Department of the two, well-known Chinese scientist Qian Tang Zhi's.
Foreign media, the money Yongjian Lieber of Harvard University and is expected to win the 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, he invented multi-color fluorescent protein markers for cell biology and neurobiology development of a revolution.
Name: Qian Yongjian
English: Roger Tsien, Roger money
Sex: Male
Date of birth: 1952
Born: New York
Nationality: American
Ancestral home: Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
Tang Shu: Qian, the father of Chinese missile
Brother: Qian Yong-woo (Richard Tsien), Stanford University professor and former Head of the Department of Physiology
Honor:
16-year-old metal that is how to combine with thiocyanate title by Westinghouse Science Talent Award (The Westinghouse Science Talent)
20-year-old Harvard deGREe (chemistry and physics, Witha National Merit Scholarship)
Ph.D., University of Cambridge and post-doctoral (physiology)
Wolf Prize winner (Wolf Prize in Medicine, 2004), the National Institute of Chemistry, Institute of protein and so on a number of awards
Yongjian money and the phenomenon of bioluminescence research
In 1994, Chinese-American scientists Yongjian money (Roger Y Tsien) began to transform GFP, a number of discovery. In the world with the most money Yongjian laboratory modified variant, and some stronger fluorescence, some yellow, blue, and some can be activated, can change color. Some do not commonly used to study the biological model to find the body of color have become some of the protein-loving people, as the phenomenon of the year in the thermophilic biological later found in a wide range of applications using PCR polymerase wave after wave of. But I found not a lot of useful things. There are successful examples of the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Organic Chemistry Biological Laboratory Sergey A. Lukyanov from the coral found in other fluorescent protein, including red fluorescent protein.
Bioluminescence, the village under repair and Johnson was on the previous study. Firefly made fluorescent by fluorescent enzyme (luciferase)-catalyzed as a substrate molecule fluorescein (luciferin), there are chemical reactions such as oxidation, after the fluorescence produced. The light-emitting protein itself, without substrate, the origin of the village was under repair and Johnson.
Under the amendments, and Johnson used the village of several experimental animals, and this story is relevant to the study, called Aequorea victoria jellyfish. In 1962, the village under repair, such as Johnson and the "cell physiology and comparative magazine" reported that their separation and purification of a jellyfish-light-emitting jellyfish protein. It is said that under the revised village with light-emitting jellyfish protein extraction, it is home to world class, he poured water into a product, the lights are turned off in front of a temporary, reluctant to look back pond, see the results of sparkling water. Because the pool is also acceptable to the fish tanks of water, he is suspected to affect the composition of jellyfish-fish tank, he would soon determine the calcium-enhanced light-emitting jellyfish. In 1963, in "Science" magazine reported that calcium-and light-emitting jellyfish. Ridgway and Ashley then made jellyfish can always detect the concentration of calcium, has created a new method of detecting calcium. Calcium is an important signal of biological molecules in the body, jellyfish have become the first-spatial resolution capability of detecting calcium is still one of the methods used.
1955 Davenport and Nicol can be found in jellyfish GREen hair, but I do not know as a result of their. In the next village in 1962 and revised in the Johnson article jellyfish-purification of the article, a footnote, also said that the discovery of another protein, which was green in the sun, tungsten wire under the yellow, issued a strong ultra-violet绿色. They then carefully studied the properties of light-emitting. In 1974, they purified the protein that, when that green protein, said after the green fluorescent protein GFP. Morin and Hastings-made jellyfish GFP and can occur between the energy transfer. Jellyfish in the calcium-stimulated luminescence, and its energy can be transferred to the GFP, to stimulate light-emitting GFP. This is aware of the physical chemistry of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) in biological discoveries.
I repair to the village under the GFP applications are not interested in, nor aware of the importance of the application. He left Princeton to the Woods Hole Marine Research Institute, La Stone & P colleagues (Douglas Prasher) was very interested in trace elements of biological inventions. Philip Stone & P in 1985 and Japanese Satoshi Inouye independent scientists, according to the order to get the jellyfish protein-gene (precisely cDNA). In 1992, Philip Stone & P got the GFP gene. With cDNA, general biology researchers on the application of good, than the protein would be much more convenient.
Shi Pu La-GFP released in 1992 after the cDNA, not a science. His application for the U.S. National Science Foundation, said the assessment of light-emitting protein is no precedent, he found, the value of nothing. Angrily, he left academia to the Air National Guard Base, Mass., to the work of the Department of the Ministry of Agriculture animal and plant services. If he was to spend a few dollars can make a general graduate students can do, but very beautiful work: the jellyfish GFP gene into other organisms in the body, such as bacteria, fluorescent see, there is proof in itself GFP can be luminous, No other substrate or auxiliary elements.
GFP expression to this work to other organisms, in 1994 by two independent laboratories: Columbia University to do the nematode Marty Chalfie laboratories, and the University of California at San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography of the two Japanese Scientists Inouye and Tsuji.
Jellyfish-GFP and have important applications. But still the jellyfish-of-a kind of fluorescence, it needs to fluorescein. The light-emitting GFP protein itself, in principle there is a major breakthrough.
Chalfie article caused an immediate sensation, many biological researchers will have their own system, the introduction of GFP. In a new system will be able to express GFP in the "natural" and "Science" published an article, in fact, is to follow the trend of nature, there is no originality.
Throughout the entire process, from 1961 to 1974, the next village and the repair of the study ahead of Johnson, while very few people pay attention. If others are willing to biochemist, they can be and jellyfish-GFP, technology is not particularly difficult. In 1974, in particular in the 1980s, the follow-up work, a lot of graduate students it is easy to do. One exception was money Yongjian laboratory found that a new variant of color, is not as straightforward.
Yongjian money work
Yongjian money and is under repair the village of study related to an important scientist. He imaging technology, there are two important areas are under a certain amendments Village relations.
Calcium is a dye. Yongjian money in 1980 invented the concentration of calcium detection dye molecules, in 1981 to improve the dye into cells, after the invention of more and better dyes, widely used. Detection of calcium in three ways: selective electrode, jellyfish-calcium dye. Yongjian money in the calcium dye does not appear before the space with the ability to detect the jellyfish-only, but the jellyfish was injected into the cell-needed, the application of inconvenience and the cash Yongjian of the dye can go inside permeability to the cell. Jellyfish and calcium-dye their own strengths and weaknesses of the current use of the dye people. Yongjian money also invented the dye used in a variety of other elements.
Yongjian money is the second GFP. In 1994, money started to look Yongjian GFP, the GFP to improve the luminous intensity, luminous colors (variant of the invention, a variety of different colors), more application of the invention, the light-emitting principle stated. Application of the world's FP, he invented most of the variants. He's a lot of people use the patents, the company sales.
Yongjian money, from the very beginning of the 1980s attention. He may be the world were invited to report the largest number of academic scientists, because the chemical and biological have to listen to his report, the application of existing technology, some very interesting phenomenon. He was born in 1952, age and so allow for many years (and 80-year-old village under the amendment do not have this advantage). Therefore, Yongjian money for many years been a lot of people will think that the Nobel Prize, can be a chemical or a physical prize. It must be pointed out, money is definitely Yongjian, under the village of repair work, money, introduced earlier under the open repair of the village was found.
Yongjian money is the Tang Zhi Qian. His house, a lot of scientists and engineers. His high school days Westinghouse of the United States won the first prize, at Harvard University to study chemistry and physics, 20-year-old graduated from the University of Cambridge in the UK after by Dr. physiology. His brother of money-you-yong (Richard W Tsien) is a neurobiologist, a former Stanford University Head of the Department of Physiology. The two brothers were Rhodes and Marshall Scholars Award (U.S. college students are usually considered to be the most competitive of the two scholarships, President Clinton had been Rhodes), the United Kingdom to study in the 1990s both the United States Academy of Sciences. Qian returned home, the domestic education system in his children to college should be subject to devastating, so that the children of Qian Yong-gang money, money never really did not get their cousins environment for development. Qian Yong-gang was born in 1948, after the Cultural Revolution to go to university. It is hoped that the money never alive Mr. Qian Xuesen alive when the award-winning, and they comfort the family.
I know you never money, the money did not know Yongjian. I have a colleague at the University of Washington in neurobiology and modern imaging are an important discovery and invention, his demanding, highly critical, published articles in the field of the top award, granted a lot of people do not research to solve the problem. He also looked down on a number of Nobel Prize winners. One year has just announced the winners, I went to his office to chat, he did not, and so I began, said: "Today is a sad day." He believes that those who did not deserve an award. The highly critical, but very much admire Yongjian.
