王永庆(1916年1月18日--)，出生于台湾省台北市，原籍福建省安溪县。王永庆是台湾著名的企业家，父亲王长庚。王永庆15岁辍学做学徒工，16岁时用父亲所借的200元自己开办了一家米店，靠用心和勤奋努力站稳了脚跟，之后又经营过碾米厂、砖瓦厂、木材行、生产PVC塑胶粉等等，并在1954年筹资创办了台塑公司。被誉为“经营之神”。50年后的台塑集团已经是台湾最大的民营企业集团，下辖台湾塑胶公司等9家公司，员工7万多人，资产总额1.5万亿新台币，形成了名副其实的庞大“王国”。1985年与其弟王永在捐出一亿元给政府。
王永庆娶有3房，分别是郭月兰、廖娇与李宝珠。其中大房郭月兰并未替王永庆生下一儿半女，二房廖娇为王家生下了2男3女，三房李宝珠则生下了5位千金。其中王文洋、王文祥皆为二房所生。另外王文渊则是王永庆弟王永在所生。
王永庆祖籍是福建省安溪县.那里土地贫瘠，人民生活很困难。王永庆的曾祖父因为日子过不下去，只得离乡背井，漂洋过海到台湾寻找生路，后来便定居在台湾省嘉义县的新店镇直潭里。王家几代都以种茶为生，只能勉强糊口。1917年1月8日，王永庆就出生在这样一个贫苦的茶农家中。
王永庆刚刚学会走路，就跟着母亲出外去捡煤块和木柴，希望能换点零钱，或者供自己家烧水做饭。童年的小永庆常常是饥一顿饱一顿，有时他俄极了，只好偷偷地摘路边的番石榴吃。家里偶尔“改善生活”，煮一些甘薯粥，他也只能分到一小碗。王永庆7岁那年，父母实在不忍心让孩子失学，取出多年积攒起来的几个铜板，把他送进乡里的学校去念书。别家的孩子第一天上学，都会穿上漂漂亮亮的新衣服，可王永庆还是平时的那一套，他穿的裤子是用面粉袋改做的，上面还印着“中美合作”的字样。他头上戴的草帽早已破了，但还得靠它挡一挡烈日风雨。他买不起书包，只能用一块破布包上几本书。他连鞋子都没有，总是赤脚在泥泞的山路上奔波！
就是这样的生活，王家也没能维持多久。小永庆9岁那年，他的父亲不幸卧病在床，全家人的生活重担都落到了母亲的肩上。王永庆看到母亲日夜不停地操劳，总想多帮母亲做点事。挑水、养鸡、养鹅、放牛……只要是他力所能及的，他都尽量多做。就这样，他勉强读到小学毕业，只得依依不舍地告别了学校。
王永庆的祖父劳苦了一辈子，最后只给孙子留下了一条教训。他对王永庆说：“种茶这一行，看来是难以为生的。就是饿不死，也吃不饱。你是读过书的人，希望你不要再困在这里，还是立志出门闯天下吧！”
15岁的王永庆，听了祖父的话，决心走出山区，去寻找一个能挣到钱的地方，帮助母亲养活一家人。他一个人孤零零地来到台湾南部的嘉义县县城，在一家米店里当上了小工。聪明伶俐的王永庆，除了完成自己送米的本职工作以外，处处留心老板经营米店的窍门，学习做生意的本领。第二年，他觉得自己有把握做好米店的生意了，就请求父亲帮他借了些钱做本钱，自己在嘉义开了家小小的米店。
米店新开，营业上就碰到了困难。原来，城里的居民都有自己熟识的米店，而那些米店也总是紧紧地拴住这些老主顾。王永庆的米店一天到晚冷冷清清，没有人上门。16岁的王永庆只好一家家地走访附近的居民，好不容易，才说动一些住户同意试用他的米。为了打开销路，王永庆努力为他的新主顾做好服务工作。他主动为顾客送上门，还注意收集人家用米的情况；家里有几口人，每天大约要吃多少米……估计哪家买的米快要吃完了，他就主动把米送到那户人家。他还免费为顾客提供服务，如掏出陈米、清洗米缸等。他的米店开门早，关门晚，比其它米店每天要多营业4个小时以上，随时买随时送。有时顾客半夜里敲门，他也总是热情地把米送到顾客家中。
经过王永庆的艰苦努力，他的米店的营业额大大超过了同行店家，越来越兴旺。后来，他又开了一家碾米厂，自己买进稻子碾米出售，这样不但利润高，而且米的质量也更有保证。
抗日战争胜利后，台湾的经济也开始发展，建筑业动得最快。王永庆敏锐地发现了这一点，便抓住时机，抢先转向经营木材，结果获利颇丰。这个赤手空拳的农民的儿子，居然成了当地一个小有名气的商人。
这时，经营木材业的商家越来越多，竞争也越来越激烈。王永庆看到这一点，便毅然决定退出木材行业。
那么，该干什么好呢？
50年代初，台湾急需发展的几大行业，是纺织、水泥、塑胶等工业。当时台湾的化学工业中有地位有影响的企业家是何义，可是何义到国外考察后，认为台湾的塑胶产品无论如何也竞争不过日本的产品，所以不愿向台湾的塑胶工业投资。出人意料的是，这时还是个名不见经传的普通商人王永庆，却主动表示愿意投资塑胶业！消息传出，王永庆的朋友都认为王永庆是想发财想昏了头，纷纷劝他放弃这种异想天开的决定。当地一个有名的化学家，公然嘲笑王永庆根本不知道塑胶为何物，开办塑胶厂肯定要倾家荡产！
其实，王永庆作出这个大胆的决定，并不是心血来潮，铤而走险。他事先进行了周密的分析研究，虽然他对塑胶工业还是外行，但他向许多专家、学者去讨教，还拜访了不少有名的实业家，对市场情况做了深入细致的调查，甚至已私下去日本考察过！他认为，烧碱生产地遍布台湾，每年有70%的氯气可以回收利用来制造PVC塑胶粉。这是发展塑胶工业的一个大好条件。
王永庆创办台湾岛上第一家塑胶公司
王永庆没有被别人的冷嘲热讽吓倒。1954年，他和商人赵廷箴合作，筹措了50万美元的资金，创办了台湾岛上第一家塑胶公司。3年以后建成投产，但果然如人们所预料的，立刻就遇到了销售问题。首批产品100吨，在台湾只销出了20吨，明显地供大于求。按照生意场上的常规，供过于求时就应该减少生产。可王永庆却反其道而行之，下令扩大生产！这一来，连他当初争取到的合伙人，也不敢再跟着他冒险了，纷纷要求退出。精明过人的王永庆，竟敢背水一战，变卖了自己的全部财产，买下了公司的全部产权，使台塑公司成为他独资经营的产业。王永庆有自己的算盘。他研究过日本的塑胶生产与销售情况，当时日本的PVC塑胶粉产量是3000吨，而日本的人口不过是台湾的10倍，所以，他相信自己产品销不出去，并不是真的供过于求，而是因为价格太高——要想降低价格，就只有提高产量以降低成本。
第二年，他又投资成立了自己的塑胶产品加工厂——南亚塑胶工厂，直接将一部分塑胶原料生产出成品供应市场。
事情的发展，证明了王永庆的计算是正确的。随着产品价格的降低，销路自然打开了。台塑公司和南亚公司双双大获其利！从那以后，王永庆塑胶粉的产量持续上升，从最初的年产1200吨，发展到现在100万吨，使他的公司成了世界上最大的PVC塑胶粉粒生产企业。
当台湾企业界一轰而上角逐于木材行业时，王永庆果断地转向了塑胶行业；可是，当他在塑胶行业站稳脚跟之后，却又以高瞻远瞩的眼光，去关注他当初借以发家致富的木材行业。这一看，又让他看出了新的发财途径。
王永庆看到，由于台湾木材销路好，商家大量砍伐，可是他们要的只是树干部分，有三分之一甚至一半的树枝丫，都被白白地抛弃而浪费了。王永庆想，台湾的棉花产量严重不足，一直靠进口来补充，如果利用废弃在山上的树枝丫制造人造纤维，以替代天然纤维，一定会有发展前途！经过考察论证，1964年10月，王永庆开始创办台湾化学纤维工业公司。两年半以后，台南新化八卦山下矗立起了一座新型的工业城，成为当时世界首创的连贯作业的人造纤维工厂。它使大量过去被抛弃的木材废料变成了纺织纤维，既节省了外汇，又降低了成本，为台湾纤维工业发展史写下了崭新的一页！而台塑、南亚、台化三大企业，使王永庆在当时台湾50家大厂商中名列第三！进入90年代，王永庆的产业已发展成一个庞大的企业集团，包括16家人企业公司，拥有员工4万多人，股东10万人，每年的营业额高达1650亿新台币！
再也没有人敢小看王永庆，连一贯以经营业绩傲视世界的日本企业家，也对王永庆衷心钦佩，把他与被称为日本“经营之神”的松下电器的创始人相比，称他为台湾的“经营之神”。
王永庆的许多经营管理思想，都已成为企业家们信奉的至理名言。王永庆自己总结成功的经验时说，他认为最有效同时也最有意义的做法，是选择“永远追求更大贡献”作为企业的目标。为了对社会做更大的贡献，企业就会鼓舞斗志，继续不断地扩充事业规模，经常保持着迎接新挑战的热情，和对至善境界的追求！他说：“我不但与别人竞争，也对自己严格要求！”
在生活上，身为亿万富翁的王永庆，同样对自己和家人严格要求。有人说，王永庆可能是世界上最节俭的亿万富翁了！他公司的一位职员，花了1000美元为王永庆的办公室更换新地毯，结果惹得王永庆很不高兴，差点大发雷霆！他对于吃的原则是“简便”，最爱吃的是家常的卤肉饭；他对于穿的原则是“整洁”，每天早上跑步穿的运动鞋，一双总要穿上好几年，而一条运动时用的毛巾据说用了近30年！
王永庆常常用“富不过三代”的古话告诫自己的子女，要他们自己创业，不要依赖上辈的基业而坐享其成。他的儿子王文祥17岁考入英国伦敦帝国大学，24岁就获得了博士学位，毕业后在国外找了个专业对口的工作苦干了3年。后来回到自己家的企业中，王永庆同样要求他从最基层干起，经过课长、组长、厂长、副经理的逐级锻炼，数年之后，才让他担任一个部门的负责人。王永庆最疼爱的女儿王雪龄结婚，他陪送的嫁妆，除了一张无限期提供学习费用的凭据外，就是一把刮胡子刀，好让女儿自己替丈夫刮胡子！王雪龄的婚礼比一般老百姓家的还简单，连她手上的新娘捧花，也是跑到许多花店比较后才选购的最便宜的一种！
当然，对于社会公益事业，王永庆从不小气。他曾一次就捐助2.5亿美元巨款给一家医院！
1988年，美国权威杂志《福布斯》报道，在全世界拥有10亿美元以上资产的富豪中，王永庆以40亿美元居第16位！从不名一文的农家子弟到亿万富豪，从不识“塑料”二字的外行到赫赫有名的塑料博士、“世界塑胶大王”，他的奋斗历程传遍了全世界。
Wang Yung-ching married 3 rooms, are Guo-lan, Liu and Li Bao-zhu jiao. Among large-lan Guo Wang Yung-ching is not for the birth of female child and a half, two-bedroom for Wang Jiao Liu gave birth to 3 men and 2 women, three-bedroom Li Bao-zhu then gave birth to daughter 5. Wang Wen-yang of them, Wang Wenxiang were born to two-bedroom. In addition WANG Wen-yuan Wang Yung-ching is the younger brother born in Wang.
Wang Yung-ching is a native of Anxi County, Fujian Province. Barren land where the people are living in poverty. Wang Yung-ching's GREat-grandfather had come because it is not only leave their homes and travel on the sea to Taiwan to find out later they settled in Chiayi County, Taiwan Province of New Zhen straight-ri. Wang generations are living on tea and can only barely make ends meet. Jan 8, 1917, Wang Yung-ching, was born in a poor farmers in tea.
Wang Yung-ching just learned to walk, go out with his mother pick up coal and firewood in the hope of change-for-point, or boil water for home cooking. The small Yongqing childhood hunger is often a full meal, and sometimes he has a very Russian, had no choice but to secretly pick the street to eat guava. Occasionally at home "a better life", some of the cooked sweet potato soup, he can only be assigned to a small bowl. Wang Yung-ching 7 years old, parents can not bear to let their children out of school, out of a few years to save copper, he was sent to the village school to school. Other children at home in the first school will put on new clothes nines Liang-liang, Wang Yung-ching, or the usual stuff, he is wearing the pants to do with flour, also printed above the "Sino-US cooperation". He's wearing a straw hat has long break, but have relied block a scorching sun block wind and rain. He can not afford to buy school bags, with only a piece of rag wrapped in a few books. Even his shoes are not always barefoot in the muddy mountain road running!
Such is life, Wang did not how long this will continue. Small Yongqing 9 years old, his father bed unfortunately, the whole family all the burden falls on the shoulders of the mother. Wang Yung-ching hard to see the mother around the clock, always wanted to do more to help mothers. Fetching water, chicken, goose, cattle ... ... as long as he is the best of its ability, he has to do as much as possible. In this way, he just graduated from primary school to read, only reluctantly bid farewell to the school.
Wang Yung-ching, the grandfather of the working life, only to leave their grandchildren a lesson. Wang Yung-ching, he said: "The tea line, it appears that it is difficult to earn a living. E Busi is also enough to eat. You read the book, I hope you will not re-Kunzaizheli, or determined to go out into the world it ! "
15-year-old Wang Yung-ching, after listening to his grandfather, out of the mountain is determined to find a place to earn some money to help mothers to feed their families. He came to a person alone in the southern Taiwan county of Chiayi County, and 1 m in the store when a Gong. Wang Yung-ching of the bright, in addition to the completion of its own to send meters away from their jobs, many business owners look Midian's tips, learn business skills. The following year, he felt sure do a good job in the business of Midian, on the request of his father helped him make some money borrowed capital, his family opened a small Chiayi Midian.
Midian new business on the difficulties encountered. It turned out that the city has its own residents are familiar with the Midian, and Midian who has always closely these hitch his regular customers. Wang Yung-ching of Midian deserted all day long, no one home. 16-year-old Wang Yung-ching had no choice but to a home visit to nearby residents, the hard-won, said some of the tenants aGREed to move his trial meters. In order to open the market, Wang Yung-ching for his efforts to do a good job of the new customer services. He took the initiative to send their customers home, the collection also paid attention to the situation of people with meters; home, there are a few people who want to eat every day about the number of meters which is estimated ... ... m going to buy the finished, he would take the initiative to bring it to the rice farmers Others. He also free to provide customers with services such as Chen meters out, Migang cleansing, and so on. He opened the door of Midian early, closed late Midian other than the business day to more than 4 hours more than at any time to send at any time to buy. Sometimes customers knock on the door in the middle of the night, he was always warm rice to the customer's home.
After Wang's hard work, his Midian turnover much higher than the same stores, more and more prosperous. Later, he opened a rice mill, rice to sell their rice to buy, it will not only provide high-profit, and the quality of rice and more assurance.
After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Taiwan's economy has begun development of the fastest moving in the construction industry. Wang Yung-ching keen to discover this, they will seize the opportunity to pre-empt the timber business, resulting in big profits. The son of unarmed peasants, had become a well-known local businessman.
At this time, the timber industry to operate more and more businesses, competition has become increasingly fierce. Wang Yung-ching to see this, we took the decision to withdraw from the timber industry.
So, what to do then?
In the early 1950s, Taiwan's urgent need to develop a few large industries, the textile, cement, plastic, and other industries. At that time, Taiwan's status in the chemical industry is citing the influential entrepreneurs, however, citing the study abroad, that Taiwan's plastic products in any way compete with Japanese products, so do not want to invest in Taiwan's plastic industry. Surprisingly, the still unknown at this time of the ordinary businessman Wang Yung-ching, has offered to invest plastics! When the news broke, a friend of Wang Yung-ching, Wang Yung-ching, that is to head would like to make a fortune, have advised him to give up this good to be true. A well-known local chemists, openly ridiculed Wang Yung-ching did not know what the plastic, plastic plant start-up money to be sure!
In fact, Wang Yung-ching made the bold decision is not a whim, take the risk. He had carried out a thorough analysis of the study, even though he still lay on the plastic industry, but to many experts and scholars to learn, but also visited a number of well-known industrialist, the market has done a thorough and meticulous investigation, even private Go on an inspection tour of Japan! In his view, the production of caustic soda over to Taiwan every year, 70% of the chlorine can be recycled to make plastic PVC powder. This is the development of the plastics industry in a good condition.
Wang Yung-ching, founder of the first on the island of Taiwan Plastics Corporation
Wang Yung-ching is not intimidated by other people's cynicism. In 1954 he and Zhao Zhen business cooperation, financing of the 500,000 U.S. dollars of the funds, set up the first on the island of Taiwan Plastics Corporation. 3 years after put into operation, but if people really expected, immediately encountered a problem selling. The first batch of 100 tons of products in Taiwan only sold 20 tons of supply exceeding demand is clear. Business in accordance with market practice, when an over-supply of production should be reduced. Wang Yung-ching, but the opposite may be ordered to expand production! This, he even had to fight for a partner, do not dare to take risks with him, and calls to withdraw from. Wang Yung-ching of a smart man, Beishuiyizhan dare, to sell all of its property, the company bought the entire property, so that the Formosa Plastics Corporation, he became the sole proprietor of the industry. Wang Yung-ching has its own calculations. He studied Japan's plastics production and sales, when Japan's PVC plastic powder production is 3,000 tons, while Japan's population is 10 times that of Taiwan, therefore, he believed that their products do not sell out, is not really an over-supply, and Because prices are too high - in order to lower the price, only to increase production in order to reduce costs.
The following year, he set up his own investment products, plastic processing plants - Nan Ya Plastics Factory, will direct part of the plastic raw materials to produce finished products supply market.
The developments proved that Wang's calculation is correct. With the price reduction, natural market opened. Formosa Plastics Corporation and the South Asian Association for both companies GREat benefits! Since then, Wang Yung-ching plastic powder production continued to rise, from an initial annual production capacity of 1200 tons, have developed to 1,000,000 tons, so that his company has become the world's largest PVC plastic powder manufacturers.
When the Taiwan business community on competition and a boom in the timber industry, Wang Yung-ching and decisively to the plastics industry; But when his feet after the plastics industry, but to have the vision to be concerned that he had to wealthy timber Industry. This, allowing him to see a new way to make a fortune.
Wang Yung-ching see Taiwan as a result of timber sales, logging a large number of businessmen, but they are only part of the trunk, there is even one-third of the 50 branches of the Y, are simply wasted away. Wang Yung-ching, like Taiwan's serious shortage of cotton production, has been relying on imports to supplement, if the use of waste in the mountains of man-made fiber manufacturing branches Ah, to replace the natural fiber, there are bound to be promising! After inspections, demonstrations in October 1964, the beginning of Wang Yung-ching, founder of Taiwan's chemical fiber industry. After two and a half years, Xinhua Tainan Baguashan erected under a new industrial city, becoming the world's first man-made fiber plant continuity of operations. It used to be a large number of abandoned wood waste into a textile fiber, not only save foreign exchange and reduce the cost of textile industry in Taiwan wrote a history of the development of a new chapter! The Formosa Plastics Group, South Asia, three of Taiwan enterprises, so that Taiwan was Wang Yung-ching in the 50 largest companies in third place! Into the 90s, Wang Yung-ching, the industry has developed into a large enterprise groups, including the family of 16 enterprises with more than 40,000 employees, 100,000 shareholders, the annual turnover of up to NT 165,000,000,000!
No one can look down on Wang Yung-ching, even among the most outstanding operating results consistent with Japan's World entrepreneurs, like Wang Yung-ching of admiration for him and called Japan's "God of operation," the founder of Matsushita Electric, he said Taiwan's "God of operation."
Wang Yung-ching of a number of management thinking, have become entrepreneurs believe in the wisdom. Wang Yung-ching sum up their successful experiences, said he believed most effective at the same time the most meaningful approach is to choose "always a GREater contribution to the pursuit of" business as a target. In order to make greater contributions to society, enterprises will be encouraged by the fighting, continue to expand the scale of the cause, often maintained a passion to meet new challenges, and the state's pursuit of perfection! He said: "I not only compete with others, also set strict demands on their own!"
In life, as a member of the billionaire Wang Yung-ching, on the same strict demands on themselves and their families. It is said that Wang Yung-ching may be the world's most frugal of the billionaire! He's one of the staff, spent 1000 U.S. dollars to Wang Yung-ching of the new Office of replace the carpet, either the results of Wang Yung-ching very unhappy, almost furious! He ate the principle of "simple", is a favorite of home-style meal Lurou; he was wearing the principle of "clean", running every morning to wear the shoes, always wear a pair of several years, and a Movement is said to use a towel to use for almost 30 years!
Wang Yung-ching is often the "three generations of the rich but" an old warning their children to their own business, do not rely on the foundation Shangbei reap the profits. Wang Wenxiang his son, 17-year-old admitted to the Imperial University of London, on the 24-year-old won the doctorate abroad after graduation to find a professional counterparts of the hard work for three years. Then return to their homes in the enterprise, Wang Yung-ching also asked him to stem from the grass-roots, after a long course, the team leader, director, deputy manager of the training level, a few years before he served as a department. Wang Yung-ching Wang's daughter, the love marriage age, a dowry of his escort, in addition to an indefinite period to provide evidence of the cost of the study, is a shaving blade, so that their daughter for her husband shave! Wang Ling's wedding than the general population is also simple home, she was not even in the hands of the bride Peng Hua, also went to many of the flower shop after the comparison of purchasing the cheapest one!
Of course, public welfare, Wang Yung-ching never stingy. He has a contribution to 250,000,000 U.S. dollars, a huge sum of money to the hospital!
In 1988, the authority of the U.S. magazine "Forbes" reported that the worldwide assets of 1,000,000,000 U.S. dollars more than the rich, Wang Yung-ching 4,000,000,000 U.S. dollars in the first 16-bit home! From the penniless farmers hundreds of millions of children to the rich, they do not know, "plastics" in the well-known to the layman, Dr. plastic, "plastics king of the world", his years of struggle spread all over the world.
