1) 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：
appear, die disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand
break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.
　After the fire, very little remained of my house.
比较： rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。
(错) The price has been risen.
　(对)

believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand
It is said that…　　 据说　　
It is reported that… 据报道　　　
It is believed that…　大家相信　　　　　
It is hoped that…　大家希望
It is well known that… 众所周知　　
It is thought that…　大家认为
It is suggested that…　据建议　　　　　
It is taken granted that…　 被视为当然　
It h

短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。
　　This is a photo of the power station that has been set up in my hometown.
　　My sister will be taken care of by Grandma.　　
　　Such a thing has never been heard of before..

1）当let后只有一个单音节动词，变被动语态时，可用不带to 的不定式。
　　 They let the strange go.---> The strange was let go.
2） 若let 后宾补较长时，let 通常不用被动语态，而用allow或permit 代替。
　　The nurse let me go to see my classmate in the hospital.
　　----> I was allowed / permitted to see my classmate in the hospital

语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
　　主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。
　1）若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态　时，该不定式前要加"to"。此类动词为感官动词。
feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch
The teacher made me go out of the classroom.
--> I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher).
　　We saw him play football on the playgr

注意：当 need, want, require, worth(形容词)后面接doing也可以表示被动。
　　　Your hair wants cutting.　你的头发该理了。
　　　The floor requires washing. 地板需要冲洗。
　　　The book is worth reading.　这本书值得一读。
典型例题
　　The library needs___, but it'll have to wait until Sunday.　
A. cleaning　 B. be cleaned　 C. clean　 D. being cleaned
　　答案A. need (实意) +n /to do，need (情态

be determined, be pleased, be graduated (from), be finished, be prepared (for), be occupied (in), get marries
　　He is graduated from a famous university.
　　他毕业于一所有名的大学。
注意： 表示同某人结婚，用marry sb. 或get married to sb. 都可。
　　He married a rich girl.
　　He got married to a rich girl.

1)wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell, drive…
　　The book sells well.　　这本书销路好。
　　This knife cuts easily.　 这刀子很好用。
2)blame, let(出租), remain, keep, rent, build
　　I was to blame for the accident.
　　Much work remains.
3) 在need, require, want, worth (形容词), deserve后的动名词必