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中 文 摘 要
跨入新世纪，全国各高校根据《全国普通高等学校体育课程教学指导纲要》的指导思想，都加快了体育课程的改革步伐，建立了自己学校的体育课程模式，形成了现在多种体育课程模式并存的现状。经过调查，现在存在较多并具有代表性的主要有以下四种：并列型体育课程模式、二段型体育课程模式、全选型体育课程模式、俱乐部型体育课程模式。那么这些体育课程模式是否适合学生的发展要求，哪种体育课程模式对学生体育意识、体育行为的养成更为有效？对此，展开了大量的调查研究。
本研究是在借鉴前人对教学理论相关研究的基础上，参考了大量的行为学、心理学等中外学者、专家的科研成果。通过对我国目前存在的主要体育课程模式的调查，找出具有典型性和代表性的体育课程模式。之后，再对存在不同课程模式学校的学生进行调查，来对比和分析出不同体育课程模式下学生的体育意识和体育行为是否存在差异，旨在了解哪种体育课程模式更适合学生的发展。
本文运用文献资料法、调查法制定出“关于认定体育意识和体育行为指标的调查问卷”，确定能充分表现体育意识和体育行为的指标，用这些指标作为设计“对我国普通高校大学生体育意识和体育行为的调查问卷”的主要内容和依据。之后，通过数理统计法和逻辑分析法对收回的“对我国普通高校大学生体育意识和体育行为的调查问卷”进行统计分析并得出结论：一、不同体育课程模式下的学生对学校体育课程开设状况的满意度不同，学生主要从课程设置、授课形式、学校的体育场馆和器材配备三方面来进行评价，评价结果由好到差依次是俱乐部型、二段型、全选型、并列型；二、俱乐部型体育课程模式和二段型体育课程模式学生的体育意识总体较强，全选型其次，并列型较差。三、俱乐部型体育课程模式的学生直接体育人口数最多，其他体育行为指标也较好，从总体上来说俱乐部型体育教学模式下的学生体育行为较好，其次为二段型、全选型，并列型最差。四、体育课程模式（外部环境）可以直接影响学生的体育意识和体育行为，体育意识作用于体育行为。
本研究的主要目的在于以学生为主体，来对比分析出有利于我国大学生体育意识和体育行为发展的体育课程模式。同时，为当前我国高校体育教学改革提供理论依据。
关键词： 体育课程模式 大学生 体育意识 体育行为
Abstract
“The guide outline about the teaching in college sports courses in the our common colleges” had issued with stepping the new century. According to the theory of the outline, the colleges in our country have been accelerating the pace of reform in sports courses and establishing the new pattern of themselves, which causes various course patterns to come into being. There are four main and typical patterns: parallel-typed, two-staged, all-chosen, pub-typed. Then, whether all of these patterns are suitable to the development of students, and which kind is more effective to make students build the consciousness and behavior of sports? For this reason, we had done a lot investigation.
Referring to a lot investigation from the behaviorists, psychologists etc. in or out our country, the author did the subject based many studies of the teaching theory. Though investigating from main patterns of teaching in sports course in our country, the author found the typical patterns to investigate the students in the colleges applying one of the patterns. From the result of investigation, the author compared and analyzed whether there was difference between the consciousness and behavior of sports of the students under different the course patterns, then to find which is the more suitable to most students.
In the study, the author used the methods of Literatures, and Investigation to design and make out the Questionnaire for the experts. The indexes of the consciousness and behavior of students were used as the main content and evidence for the general questionnaire could be showed fully in the questionnaire. Then, mathematics statistical method was use to analyze and conclude the general questionnaire retrieved. The results showed: First, there are differences about the satisfaction among the students under different pattern towards the state of the sports course. The students from different colleges evaluated these aspects: the design of the course, the mode of teaching, the gymnasiums and stadiums, apparatus of the course. The result of evaluation is following from better to worse: Second, pub-typed, two-staged, all-chosen, parallel-typed; Second, the general consciousness of sports of students under the pub-typed, two-staged patterns are best, the all-chosen is better, the parallel- typed is worst. Third, the population of sports in the pub-typed course pattern is largest, and other indexes of the behavior are also better. From the general consideration, the behavior of sports of the pub-typed pattern is best, others are: two-staged, all-chosen, parallel-typed. Four, the course pattern (external environment) can influence directly the consciousness and the behavior of sports, and the consciousness of students effects the behavior.
In the study, the author aimed to compare and analyze which pattern is more beneficial to develop the consciousness and the behavior of sports of students. Hope the result can provide the theory evidence for the reform on the sports teaching in our colleges.
Keywords：The course pattern of sports; college students; The consciousness of sports; The behavior of sports. |
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