I. Basic Knowledge
A. １—５ CAADA ６—１0 CDCAB
11—１５ ACB BA １６—２０ BABCB
B. 1. alleged 2. buzzing 3. context 4. defects
5. elapsed 6. grant 7. installment 8. illiterate 9. miniature 10.only 11. prejudice 12. rectify 13. supervise 14. testify 15. valid
C. １—５ ABDDC 6—10 AABDA １1—1５ CDBCC １6—20 DCBBD
D. 1.It was only a few days ago that he was full of contempt for the new project, but he is now working hard with zeal for its realization. What a baffling change!
2. Holding out his working-gnarled hands, the old fisherman with a weather-beaten face started to tell us about the hardships of his life on the sea.
3. He was supposed to explain to the students why sharp observation and logical thinking were indispensable qualities to research work, but his talk was more confusing than clarifying.
4. What distinguishes this young man from others is that he is inclined to think unconventionally, and would make no compromise with traditional ideas.
5. An increasing number of countries have passed a law which forbids anyone to hunt wildlife at will within their countries territory.
6. The emotional old man opened the letter his son sent him from overseas. The harder he tried to control his trembling hands, the more they trembled.
7. No matter who he is or where he is from we cannot tolerate anyone’s behavior that is injurious to social order.
8. As far as business profits are concerned, the main drawback of the publication of academic treatises is that they usually do not sell well, with an average number of only several hundred copies for each printing.
9. Some countries were reduced to extreme poverty brought about by war and natural disasters. For that matter, a U.N. official insisted that developed countries should take up their responsibility to make new contributions to the economic development of the developing countries.
10. Thanks to the rapid development of modern means of telecommunication, international communication is generally not encumbered by time or space.
II. Comprehensive Exercises
A. 1.C主旨题。本文开头就提出 The health-care economy is replete with unusual and even unique economic relationships.（医疗保健经济充满了不寻常的甚至是独特的经济关系。）下面又接着分析了这种关系的不寻常及独特之处。由此可见，作者主要是想分析一下医疗保健方面的一些重要经济因素。故选C。
2． A推断题。根据最后一段中The physician must certify the need for hospitalization,...but in the main it is the doctor’s judgments that are final.可知，在医院，代表权力中心的是医疗人员而非管理人员，这主要是因为医生制约着病人的消费，医院的收入也受制于医生。故选A。
3． B细节题。根据第二段Once an individual has chosen to see a physician...whether drugs should be prescribed, etc.（一旦一个人选择了看医生，那么通常做出重大消费决定的是医生，病人是否下周三再来，是否需要X光检查，是否需要开药，都取决于医生。）那么“下周三是否再来”就意味着是否进一步进行医疗消费。故正确答案为B。
4． A推断题。本文的中心内容是有关制约医疗保健消费的经济因素。从作者的叙述中可知，有些病人的医疗消费是强制性的，也是没有必要的，由此推断出作者对这种医疗保健关系持有不赞成的态度。由此我们可以推断出作者的意图是旨在呼吁人们对这种医疗消费加以控制。只有Ａ符合题意，其他三项均无法在文中找到可支持的证据，故可排除。
5． C推断题。根据本文第二段可知，在医生和病人之间，真正决定病人消费的是医生，因为医生可以要求病人消费何种药品，做何种检查。在最后一段，作者得出结论，真正决定医院大权的是医生，他们才是医院真正的消费者，这里的消费者当然不是指医生本人消费医药品，而是指他们安排药品及服务的消费。C符合题意，其他可排除。
6. The flu epidemic of 1918.从第一段第一句话后半部分我们得知：1918年秋天的流感是历史上三个最大的疾病之一。该句是本文的主题句，即中心思想，也是本文主要谈论的东西。
7. from east to west, 第二段第一句明确指出流感的行程是从东到西。
8. 22 million people died.从第一段第一句中得知1918年的流感使2，200万人失去了生命。
9. there are many theories but nothing definite is known. 最后一段作者指出流感仍是一种神秘的疾病，虽然有不少理论，但没有人知道它到底是病毒还是别的什么。
10. Because it was world-wide.从第一段第三句中可以看出世界人口的1/4的人都被感染上流感。
B. 1. B。本题的对应线索是those in control “当权者”及 large, strong, and fearless, 当权者往往试图“做出”一副咄咄逼人、无所畏惧的姿态，故选appear。
2. C。空格后出现other animals 与 humans, 可见文章在对二者进行对照,说明other animals 与 humans情况相似,故只有like符合逻辑。
3. A。四个选项中能与dominance“优势,统治”搭配的只有asserting “维护,坚持”。其他declaring “宣布”；confirming “确认,认可”;claiming “宣称”,均不合适。
4. D。注意此空格处所填词需与in搭配，同时与前面的 “dominance”同义出现,因此只有charge正确。
5. B。空格后的subtly in the relaxed posture and way of interaction 是用来形容status 本身的,因此选择反身代词作宾语。
6. C。空格前后的status 与those lower in position 反义同现,其间的逻辑关系词是语义转折,故选C“相反地”。consequently “从而,因此”,表结果; undoubtedly “无庸置疑的”。
7. A。从上题分析可知,本句与上句之间的描述针对地位不同的人,因此所填词与 “in a relaxed posture ”反义, 只有rigidity “僵化,刻板”正确。其他dignity “尊严,高贵”;vigor “精力,活力”；rigor “严格, 严厉”,语义不符。
8. A。stand at attention 是固定搭配,意为“采取立正姿势”。at length “终于”；at ease “安逸的,自在的”；at peace “平静的,没有纷争的”。
9. A。前一句在通常情况下,他们 lean back,那么在to make point 时,动作肯定相反,故选forward, 反义复现。lean forward “倾向于……”; lean 与ahead 及over 不搭配。
10. C。注意在此空格处逻辑主语是gesture,很快会选出正确答案为signaling “用信号表明”。proposing “计划,提议”，逻辑主语一般为人。embodying “体现,具体化”,语义不符。prove “证明”,一般用法为“prove to be...”。
11. B。注意本段在谈the leaders in a group 的情况,因此superiors“上级”与the leaders in a group同义并与其后的take GREat control同义。此外与inferior “下级”,意思相反。authorities “权力;当权” ;officials “政府官员,公务员”。
12. C。首先排除care，因其为及物动词。intend to 与 mean to 意思相近,意为 “计划,打算”；tend to “倾向于”;根据上文,既然他们take control of the conversion, 肯定也就倾向于 talk more,所以选C。
13. C。此句并列谓语都在讲当权人物的说话方式,intervene “干涉,介入”;interfere “干涉,妨碍”;interrupt“打断”; intermingle “混合”，四个选项中只有interrupt与说话方式有直接关系，同时也体现了当权者的独断行为。
14. B。四个选项中既能引导名词性从句作betray的宾语又能在宾语从句中充当feel的宾语的只有what。
15. D。空格后的冒号在解释事件发生的场景,故选D. scene。sight“看见的物体,景象”,相当于view;spot “地点,风景点”;scenery “美丽的风景”。
16. Ｄ。secure “安全的,可靠的”; responsible “负责任的”; generous “大方的”; optimistic“乐观的”。
17. C。空格前的smile与其后的have a serious look 意思不一致,形成让步关系。
18. Ｂ。throat“喉咙”,tone“音调”,note“音符”, melody“悦耳的音调”，与前面的 his voice属于同一语义场的只有tone。
19. B。空格后的and 连接两个不同的事物,空格前面又有线索词difference, 说明是在讲两者间的不同,因此选between。
20. A。本段意思是在表明“老板一边安慰下属说公司很可靠,一边又提心吊胆,没有把握”。所以选A, anything but “决不, 并非”,与nothing but相反。
C. S1. no→not。修饰形容词用副词not。
S2. place→land。place 是可数名词，不与piece 搭配，此处应接不可数名词land。
S3. started→start。与上文中find, build为并列的动词不定式结构。
S4. working→work。与live并列，用一般现在时。
S5. Ａnyone→Ｅveryone。根据上下文判断，此处应为“每个人”而非“任何人”。
S6. but去掉。although 后面不能接由but 引导的分句。
S7. before→after。根据上下句判断，应为二战后。
S8. But→And。根据上下文判断，应为递进关系。
S9. it→they。指代的是上文提到的houses，应用复数意义的代词。
S10. 在house后面加as。词组regard...as “把……视为，认为……是”。
D. 1.如果你下半生不想学说别的，只重复这个对话，那么你仍然有相当的机会，变成一个引人注目的、有清晰的思维力、敏锐的观察力，以及举止特别令人喜爱的聪明人。
2.这是历史上首次出现的一个给人以希望的世界。在这个世界上有希望诞生一个没有贫困、没有恐惧的社会。
3.从正在进行的对信息产业的大规模调整到各种技术自身的无穷潜力，人们顺理成章地认为这一切会越来越好。
4. 因此，比起过去的状况，现实社会已大大进步了；然而与可能达到的目标相比，则又远远落后了。
5. 直到最近，科学家们才得以设计出一种可以钻透极深处坚硬岩石的钻头。
E. Women’s Social Position
Traditionally, women have been subordinate in almost all respects and in all societies. But in modern societies, women’s social position has, in general, been rising steadily. The discrepancy between the male and female as regards political authority, control over resources and employment is becoming smaller.
Nevertheless, this does not mean that there no longer exists any bias against women, who are, in fact, still regarded by men as the “weaker sex”. A GREat many women still find themselves at a disadvantageous position when it comes to employment, salaries, and promotions, simply because they are women. Unequal opportunities for the sexes and male supremacy are still widespread in our society. As far as equal rights and equal opportunities for women are concerned, we still have a long way to go.
Studies have confirmed that women are not weaker than men in terms of both physical and mental powers. They are, in fact, superior to men in some aspects, such as physical endurance and immunity to certain diseases, and inferior to them in others. There is no reason whatever why women should be treated as second-class citizens. We should strive continuously for real equality between men and women in the society.
