36.Would you please not do this?请你不要这样做,好不好?
“Will /Would you please +动词原形?”意为“请你……好吗?”,其中please后接动词原形,其否定形式是在动词原形前加not,用would 比用will时语气更委婉。如:
Will you please say it again more slowly?请你慢点再说一遍,好吗?
37.be always doing表示经常性反复性的动作,表示说话人的某种感情,如赞扬、批评、厌烦等,而always与一般现在时连用时没有这种感情色彩。试比较:
He is always working late.他总是干到很晚。(表示一种赞扬)
He always works late.他总是干得很晚。(表示一个事实)
He is always making the same mistake.他总是犯同样的错误。(表示批评)
You are always leaving things about.你老是把东西乱放。(表示不满)
He is always talking big.他老爱说大话。(表示厌烦)
38.“祈使句+or+陈述句”在意义上相当于if引导含有否定意义的条件状语从句,即if...not。如:
Let's move that stone,or there may be an accident.(=If we don't move that bag,there may be an accident.)让我们把那块石头搬开,要不会发生事故的。
Put on more clothes,or you will catch a cold.(=If you don't put on more clothes,you will catch a cold.)如果你不多穿衣服,你会感冒的。
若将or换为and,则其意义相当于if引导的含有肯定意义的条件状语从句。如:
Take more exercise and you will feel healthy.(=If you take more exercise,you'll feel healthy.)多锻炼身体,你就会觉得健康。
39.在含有do you think的特殊疑问句中,do you think要置于疑问词之后,形成“疑问词+do you think +主语+谓语?”结构。如果疑问句本身是主语,则形成“疑问句(主语)+do you think +谓语?”结构。如:
Who do you think he is?(=Do you think who he is?)你知道他是谁?
Who do you think told me so?(=Do you think who told me so?)你知道谁告诉我这事的吗?
When do you think the meeting will begin?你知道会议什么时候开始?
40.It's one's turn to do sth.意为“轮到某人做某事了”。
It's my turn to play.该轮到我玩了。
It's your turn to clean the classroom.轮到你打扫教室了。
41.It's said that...意为“据说……”,it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that所引导的名词性从句,相当于somebody saysthat...,其中It is said并不是有被动意义。类似的结构还有:
It is reported that...据报道……
It is believed /supposed that...人们认为……
It's known that...众所周知……如:
I don't know the school,but it is said that it is quite a good one.我不知道这所学校,但据说是非常好的一所学校。
42.keep /stop /prevent ...from doing意为“阻止/防止……做某事”,在主动语态中,stop和prevent构成的两个短语中from可省略,但keep短语中的from不能省略。它们在被动语态中from都不可省略。如:
The GREat Green Wall will stop the wind(from)blowing the earth away.绿色长城将阻挡风把泥土刮走。
We were stopped from going home by the heavy rain.大雨阻止了我们回家。
43.英语中表示计量的方法是“数词+metres(kilometres)+long(wide,long,deep,high,tall...)”,表示人、树的高度可用tall,表示物体的高度可用high。如:
The boy is 1.70metres tall.这个男孩身高1.70米。
The wall is twenty metres high.这堵墙有二十米高。
这种结构可用来作后置定语。但当它作前置定语时,须用连字符,中间的名词只能用单数。试比较:
There is a river thirty metres wide in front of the village.
=There is a thrity-metre-wide river in front of the village.村子前有一条三十米宽的河流。
44.keep的几种常见句型
1)keep +宾语+宾语补足语
①“keep +宾语+形容词(副词、介词短语)”表示“使……处于(保持)某种状态”。如:
We must keep our classroom clean and tidy.我们应当使教室保持干净和整洁。
The students must keep their hands behind their backs.学生们必须把手放在背后。
Don't keep your hair so long.你的头发不要留这么长。
The bad weather keeps us inside the house.这坏天气使我们不能出门。
Don't get up.I must keep you in bed.别起来,我得让你躺着。
②“keep +宾语+动词-ing”表示“使(让)……继续着某个动作”。如:
Don't keep me waiting for long.不要让我久等。
Uncle Wang often keeps his car running very fast.王叔叔经常让车跑得飞快。
The teacher keeps Jim standing for ten minutes.老师让吉姆站了十分钟。
2)“keep +形容词(作表语)”表示“保持某种状态”。如:
You must look after yourself and keep healthy.你必须照看好自己并且保持身体健康。
The shop keeps open twelve hours a day.这家商店一天营业十二小时。
Stop talking and keep quiet.别讲话了,保持安静。
3)“keep +动词-ing”即keep(on)doing sth.,表示“继续(一直、老是)做某事”。如:
Jim keeps(on)doing his homework.吉姆一直在做作业。
Don't keep talking!不要谈个没完。
The farmer keeps working the whole day.这个农民干了一整天活。
它们的区别在于如果动作之间有间隔时,常说keep on doing sth.。如:
People kept on coming to the hospital to see him.不断有人来医院看望他。
如果表示连续不断的动作或持续的状态,则只能用keep doing sth。如:
He kept standing up in class.他在课堂上不停地站起来。
4)“keep +宾语”表示“保存(保管)某物”,有时也可表示“借”(与一段时间连用)。如:
Could you keep these letters for me,please?你能替我保存这些信吗?
—How long may I keep the book?这本书我能借多久?
—For two weeks.两周。
5)keep还可表示“饲养、赡养”,后接可表示人或动物的名词。如:
Herriot himself kept two dogs.赫里奥特亲自饲养了两条狗。
My uncle has a large family to keep.我叔叔有一大家子人要养活。