“单项选择”题知识覆盖面广,灵活性大,综合性强。每小题所供选择项迷惑性大,干扰性强。因此,要做好“单项选择”题,除了必须具备扎实的基本功外,还要了解一些解题技巧,这里主要提醒同学们切莫忽视语境。所谓“语境”,也就是我们常说的上下文关系,即一个语句出场的前后背景。在答题过程中,如果我们忽视了语境的作用,就很容易答错题。所以在选择过程中,我们要抓住关键词,扣住语境。例如:
1.Please turn _________ the radio a little.The baby is sleeping.
A.off B.down C.on D.up
该题若忽视了The baby is sleeping.这一特定语境,B、D都正确。但正因为有了这一特定语境,正确答案应该是B。
2.—You are not a new member,are you?
—_________ .I joined only yesterday.
A.No,I'm not B.Yes,I'm not
C.No,I am D.Yes,I am
此题可先排除B和C,因为按照英语习惯,yes后面一定是肯定答语,no后面一定是否定答语。正确答案是A还是D呢?如果不看I joined only yesterday.这一语境,从语法上讲A和D都正确。但因为有了这个特定语境,正确答案只能是D。
3.—I feel a bit hungry.
—Why don't you have _________ bread?
A.any B.some C.little D.a
分析此题题干,参考选项,较容易排除D,因为不定冠词a不能直接修饰不可数名词bread,而A、B、C都能修饰bread。仔细琢磨一下上句I feel a bit hungry.这一特定的语境,判定后者应建议前者“为什么不吃点面包呢”,而any,little和some三者中能用于疑问句中表示请求、邀请、建议的只有some,所以应选B,做下面几道题,在选择过程中,请抓住关键,扣住语境。
1.There are _________ people in the park because it is raining heavily.
A.little B.a little C.few D.a few
2.—What are you doing?
—I'm looking _________ the children.They should be back for lunch.
A.after B.at C.for D.up
3.I _________ you _________ in London.How long have you been here?
A.don't know;were B.hadn't known;are
C.haven't known;are D.didn't know;are
4.I was going to reach Shanghai on Wednesday,but I didn't arrive _________ Friday.
A.on B.in C.until D.at
5.—Which of the two books do you want?
—_________ .
A.Both are right B.Either will do
C.Any will do D.None
(Keys:1—5 CCDCB)