句型转换
“句型转换”题是考查学生对句子结构的构成、变化、运用等方面的知识。此题为非选择性试题，常见的主要有：肯定句变否定句；陈述句变疑问句；对一般疑问句作肯定、否定回答；单数句变复数句；同义句型转换；对划线部分提问等。
各种句型转换举要如下：
1．肯定句变否定句
肯定句变否定句一般由否定词not来否定句中谓语。初一竞赛范围涉及be动词（is，am，are），情态动词can，部分实义动词（不包括第三人称单数）等。
（1）凡是含有be（is，am，are），can的句子，变否定句时，一律在is， am，are，can后加not，即：am not，is not，are not，cannot（cannot一般不分开写）。除am not不可以用缩写式外，其它均可用缩写式，即：isn't， aren't，can't。如：
This is a car．→This is not（isn't）a car．
Those are birds．→Those are not（aren't）birds．
I am a student．→I am not a student．
We are Young Pioneers．→We are not（aren't）Young Pioneers．
She is my friend．→She is not（isn't）my friend．
There is a clock on the table．→There is not（isn't）a clock on the table．
I can see the boat on the river．→I can't see the boat on the river．
（2）祈使句的否定式一般是在祈使句前加don't。如：
Do it like that！→Don't do it like that！
Put on that coat．→Don't put on that coat．
（3）实义动词（不含第三人称单数）的否定式，是在实义动词前加don't构成。如：
I know it．→I don't know it．
I think so．→I don't think so．
I want to put it on．→I don't want to put it on．
2．陈述句变一般疑问句
陈述句变一般疑问句时，凡含有is，am，are，can的句子，将这些词前移至句首（第一个字母大写），句尾的“．”改为“？”即可。如：
Her skirt is red．→Is her skirt red？
I am in this classroom．→Am I in this classroom？
They are in Class One．→Are they in Class One？
These are football socks．→Are these football socks？
She can swim．→Can she swim ？
There are some flowers behind the house．→Are there any flowers behind the house？
注意：some一般用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句。含实义动词（不含第三人称单数）的句子变一般疑问句时，是在句首加do。如：
I want a go．→Do you want a go？
I have a sharpener．→Do you have a sharpener？
3．就一般疑问句回答问题
对一般疑问句的回答，肯定回答用yes，否定回答用no。yes后接“主语＋is（am，are，can，do）”；no后接“主语＋isn't（am not，aren't， can't，don't）”。在答语中，原名词主语改为代词he，she，they等；指示代词主语this，that改为it；these，those改为they。如：
—Are you a teacher？—Yes，I am．（No，I am not．）
—Is M ary in our class？—Yes，she is．（No，she isn't．）
—Are these books yours？—Yes，they are．（No，they aren't．）
—Is there a man under the tree？—Yes，there is．（No，there isn't．）
—Can you look after my sister？—Yes，I can．（No，Ican't．）
4．单数句变复数句
单数句变复数句涉及名词和动词的人称和数，人称代词、物主代词、指示代词的人称和数的问题。单数句变为复数句时，上述各类词都要做相应变化，其它词类不变。如：
This is my pencil-box．→These are our pencil-boxes．
That book is mine．→Those books are ours．
He is her teacher．→They are their teachers．
5．同义句型转换
同义句型转换，是指用不同的词汇、短语及句型表示相同或相近的意思。它们可以是同义的词汇、短语，也可以是同义的句型。此类转换题主要有以下几种情况：
（1）用同义词、近义词替换原句中的某一部分，保持原意不变。如：
Let me look at the picture．→Let me have a look at the picture．
Those are our glasses．→Those glasses are ours．
（2）用反义词进行同义转换。如：
That is not a new computer．→That is an old computer．
The box is too big．I can't carry it．→The box isn't small．I can't carry it．
（3）用另外一个句型结构来替换。此类题必须先弄清每个句型的构成特点，注意各个句型的固定搭配。如：
That's all right．→You're welcome．
I have a new pen in my pencil-box．→There is a new pen in my pencil-box．
6．对划线部分提问
对划线部分提问，实际上是把一个陈述句改为特殊疑问句。做此类题需要掌握三个步骤：首先，将划线部分换为相应的疑问词，置于句首；其二，将余下部分改为一般疑问句，置于疑问词后；第三，别忘了将标点符号改为“？”号。但要注意，如果是对主语或主语的定语提问，只需变动疑问词和标点符号，词序不变。对划线部分提问主要有下列疑问词：对人提问用who，whose；对事、物提问用what；对地点提问用where；对状态、程度提问用how；对年龄提问用how old；问年级、班级、行、组用what grade（class，row，team）；问颜色用what colour；问数字用how many（much）等等。如：
（1）Mary is my sister．→Who is your sister？
（2）Tom's brother is a policeman．→Whose brother is a policeman？
（3）This is a new car．→What's this？
（4）They like climbing hills．→What do they like？
（5）There is a cup on the table．→What's on the table？
（6）The students are at school．→Where are the students？
（7）He's fine．→How is he？
（8）Her father is 43．→How old is her father？
（9）We're in Class One，Grade Two．→What class are you in？
（10）His shirt is white．→What colour is his shirt？
