模拟试题（4）

Part I Vocabulary（大纲词汇表以N—P为首字母的单词）

A．Decide which of the four items is the most appropriate choice for each blank．

1．The youngest boy was laughed at for his remarks．

A）intelligent B）caution C）commonplace D）naive

2．Obviously，the increase of production a GREater supply of raw materials．

A）stimulates B）necessitates C）deceives D）emulates

3．To our GREat relief ，the accident caused damage to the expensive car．

A）incredible B）unexpected C）negligible D）mischievous

4．The old man is only the head of the business ；his daughter makes all the decisions．

A）nominal B）formal C）fake D）unimportant

5．From the bottom of my heart I wish to Jane Morrison for president of the club．

A）compete B）recommended C）nominate D）appointing

6．They thought it might snow； they began to climb the mountain．

A）despite B）therefore C）regardless D）nonetheless

7．Martin got drunk at the party ，his wife's warning ．

A）unnecessary B）in considerate C）not with standing D）discouraging

8．Most Chinese students are to their teachers in school．

A）obedience B）obedient C）rebellious D）troublesome

9．The new building has the fine view we used to have from this room．

A）obscured B）beautified C）scattered D）oppressed

10．The Australian girl is proud of being the of a musician and scientist．

A）descendants B）ancestor C）offspring D）adolescent

11． for new students is held during the first week of school．

A）Orientation B）Orient C）Oriental D）Preparations

12．The American team their opponent in the final game．

A）conquered B）defeated C）overtook D）overwhelmed

13．It's said that the tropical islands are an earthly ．

A）paradise B）amusement C）entertainment D）disasters

14．Mr．Smith delivered a speech to at the meeting．

A）perfection B）desire C）worship D）improvement

15．The Turners with their ten-year-old son to be more frugal．

A）pleaded B）applied C）persuaded D）lecture

16．Doctors are often caught in a because they have to decide whether they should tell their patients the truth or not．

A）puzzle B）perplexity C）dilemma D）bewilderment

17．The president gave a lecture that caused a GREat deal of argument．

A）provocative B）challenging C）thrilling D）productive

18．We work to make money，but it's a that people who work hard and long often do not make the most money．

A）paradox B）prejudice C）dilemma D）conflict

19．The old lady has developed a cough which cannot be cured completely in a short time．

A）perpetual B）permanent C）chronic D）sustained

20．In times human beings did not travel for pleasure but to find a more favourable climate．

A）prime B）primitive C）primary D）preliminary

21．The engineer who graduated from Harvard was for stealing．

A）arresting B）prosecuted C）critical D）insult

22．Not only is he a well-known psychologist but also a thinker．

A）extraordinary B）profound C）well-dressed D）unusual

B．Write out suitable words for the state ments according to the definitions given in the brackets ．

1．Unexpectedly，he turned n when I said I couldn't pay him on time．（angry or threatening）

2．The question is that your mistakes will doing the work again．（cause a need for）

3．To my delight，the injury to my head was n ．（unimportant to be worth any attention）

4．There exist o conditions for growing rice in many parts of China．（best or most favorable）

5．As a matter of fact，her novel o from a well-known folk tale．（arise or begin）

6．The Turners regard their home as a p ．（a place of perfect happiness）

7．Those who have made a fortune aren't necessarily p intelligent．（especially）

8．It is estimated that about two thousand people p in the earthquake．（die）

9．When I asked for her advice，she p and then put forward a reasonable suggestion．（consider something deeply）

10．To o others talking in private is bad manners．（hear secretly）

11．Helen Keller had a learning disability but became a GREater writer and orator n ．（in spite of that）

12．There can be no doubt that her being fired is an o ．（any act that strongly offends the feelings）

13．People of many different political p attended the important meeting upon invitation．（a group holding a particular belief）

14．The burglars happened to o the furniture，which wakened the owner of the house．（turn over）

15．Unfortunately，the uncurable disease p the lovely girl from the waist down．（make someone unable to move）

16．SARS is known to be a new p that can be taken precautions against．（a quick spreading and quick killing disease）

17．It's n of you to believe he'll do what he says．（having or showing no experience）

18．The president n his secretary as his representative to the peace talks．（propose for appointment to an office or duty）

19．For plenty of students it is no longer the n to finish college in four years．（pattern of action or behavior）

20．A strong desire for political change p the whole country ．（be found all through something）

Part II Grammar（动名词和不定式）

A．Supply correct form of infinitive for each blank．

1．They appear （injure）in that traffic accident．

2．Why hasn't Mr．GREen come？

He is not likely （notify）of the meeting．

3．You can close your umbrella．The rain seems （stop）．

4．Joseph pretended （not see）me when I passed him the other day．

5．They claim （discover）a quicker way of mastering a foreign language．

6．She thought it a pity （not invite）to the press conference last month．

7．We intended （include）your name in the list，but we forgot to do so．

8．The postgraduates were （assemble）at the auditorium before 1：30，but the lecture was cancelled at the last minute．

B．Complete the sentences，paying attention to the logical subject of the gerund．

1．It is no good （你重新做这个实验）．

2．The teacher objected to （学生把张开的伞放在靠门的地方）．

3．They were envious of George because of （他被选为队长）．

4．Here is an example of （太阳能转变为电能）．

5．We know of （这种装置广泛用于航空工业）．

6．I'm glad to hear of （你又成功了）．

Part III Comprehensive Exercises

A．Reading Comprehension

That man is an agGREssive creature will hardly be disputed．With the exception of certain rodents（啮齿动物），no other vertebrate habitually destroys members of his own species．No other animal takes positive pleasure in the exercise of cruelty upon another of his own kind．We generally describe the most disgusting examples of man's cruelty as brutal，implying by these adjectives that such behavior is characteristic of less highly developed animals than ourselves．In truth，however，the extremes of“brutal”behavior are confined to man；and there is no parallel in nature to our savage treatment of each other．The depressing fact is that we are the cruelest and most ruthlessspecies that have ever walked the earth；and that，although we may shrink back in horror when we read in newspaper or history book of the brutalities committed by man upon man，we know in our hearts that each one of us harbors within himself those same savage impulses which lead to murder，to torture and to war．

To write about human agGREssion is a difficult task because the term is used in so many different senses．Aggression is one of those words which every one knows，but which is nevertheless hard to define．As psychologists use it，it covers a very wide range of human behavior．The red－faced infant squalling for the bottle is being aggressive；and so is the judge who awards a thirty－year sentence for robbery．The guard in a concentration camp who tortures his helpless victim is obviously acting aggressively．Less manifestly，but no less certainly，so is the neglected wife who threatens or attempts suicide in order to regain her husband's affection．When a word becomes so diffusely applied that it is used both of the competitive striving of a footballer and also of the bloody violence of a murderer，it ought either to be dropped or else more closely defined．Aggression is a combined term which is fairly bursting at its junctions．Yet until we can more clearly designate and comprehend the various aspects of human behavior which are sub- sumed under this head，we cannot discard the concept．

One difficulty is that there is no clear dividing line between those forms of agGREssion which we all deplore and those which we must not disown（否认……同自己有关）if we are to survive．When a child rebels against authority it is being aggressive；but it is also manifesting a drive towards independence which is a necessary and valuable part of growing up．The desire for power has，in extreme form，disastrous aspects which we all acknowledge；but the drive to conquer difficulties，or to gain mastery over the external world underlies the greatest of human achievements．Some writers define aggression as“that response which follows frustration”，or as“an act whose goal－response is injury to an organism（or organism surrogate）”．In the author's view these definitions impose limits upon　the concept of aggression which are not in accord with the underlying facts of human nature which the word is attempting to express．It is worth noticing，for instance，that the words we use to describe intellectual effort are aggressive words． We attack problems，or get our teeth into them． We master a subject when we have struggled with and overcome its difficulties．We sharpen our wits，hoping that our mind will develop a keen edge in order that we may better divide a problem into its component parts．Although intellectual tasks are often frustrating，to argue that all intellectual effort is the result of frustration is to impose too negative a coloring upon the positive impulse to comprehend and master the external world．

1．According to the text，man is unique in ．

A）regularly killing members of the same species

B）enjoying reading about brutalities

C）enjoying being cruel to members of the same species

D）gaining pleasure from watching acts of violence

2．The writer implies that most people ．

A）would be quite incapable of violence

B）are cruel in their everyday lives

C）are unmoved by acts of violence

D）possess the potential to commit acts of violence

3．The writer says that the word“agGREssion” ．

A）is easy to define because everyone knows it

B）can be used to describe a limited range of human behavior

C）is so imprecise as to be totally meaningless

D）covers an immense variety of human activity

4．According to the writer，one problem with the concept of agGREssion is that ．

A）it is such a deplorable characteristic of mankind

B）it is hard to say where the negative side ends and the positive begins

C）it is difficult to separate from the frustration

D）it is very often seen in wholly negative terms

5．In the writer's view ，the argument that agGREssion is the result of frustration ．

A）ignores the more positive aspects of agGREssion

B）underlies the harsh realities of human nature and concepts

C）is supported by evidence from the examination of intellectual power

D）corresponds very closely to observable human behavior against authority

B．Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese．

What did we use to do before there was television？How often we hear statements like this！

（1）Television hasn't been with us all that long，but we are already beginning to forget what the world was like without it．Before we admitted the one eyed monster into our homes，we never found it difficult to occupy our spare time．We used to enjoy civilized pleasures．For instance we used to have hobbies，we used to entertain our friends and be entertained by them；we used to go outside for our amusements to theaters，cinemas，restaurants and sporting events．We even used to read in our free time．But now our free time is regulated by the goggle box．We rush home or gulp down our meals to be in time for this or that program．（2） We have even given up sitting at table and having a leisurely evening meal，exchanging the news of the day．A sandwich and a glass of beer will do—anything，providing it doesn't interfere with the program．The monster demands and obtains absolute silence and attention．If any member of the family dares to open his mouth during a program，he is quickly silenced．

Whole generations are growing up addicted to the telly．Food is left uneaten，homework undone and sleep is lost．The telly is a universal pacifier．It is now standard practice for mother to keep the children quiet by putting them in the living room and turning on the set．（3）It doesn't matter that the children will watch rubbish commercials or spectacles of sadism and violence—so long as they are quiet．

There is a limit to the amount of creative talent available in the world．Every day，television consumes vast quantities of creative work．That is why most of the programs are so bad：it is impossible to keep pace with the demand and maintain high standards as well．（4） When millions watch the same programs，the whole world becomes a village，and society is reduced to the conditions which obtain in preliterate communities．We become utterly dependent on the two most primitive media of communication：pictures and the spoken word．

Television encourages passive enjoyment． We become infatuated with second－hand experience．It is so easy to sit in our armchairs watching others working．Little by little，television cuts us off from the real world．We get introverted，we choose to spend a fine day in semi-darkness，glued to our sets，rather than go out into the world itself．Television may be a splendid medium of communication，but it prevents us from communicating with each other．（5）We only become aware of how totally irrelevant television is to real living when we spend a holiday by the sea or in the mountains，far away from civilization．In quiet，natural surroundings， we quickly discover how little we miss the hypnotic tyranny of King Telly．

C．Read the passage and answer the questions with the fewest words．

A silent revolution is sweeping America．More than one-sixth of America's working-age population—close to 27 million people do not work for only a single employer．These people work mainly at home，selling their skills in the open marketplace．Plumbers，electricians and house painters have been doing it for years．What is strikingly new is the large scale of a phenomenon that pervades all social classes and promises to redefine the nature of work in the 21st century．

Whether their field is marketing，sales，advertising，journalism，secretarial work，banking， catering or high-tech，more and more people are discovering that possession of a saleable skill will provide them with the opportunity to go it alone，to shape their life free of the traditional corporate control．

Dan Pink，until recently the chief speech-writer for Vice President Al Gore，is a good example of the capitalist New Man．A 33-year-old graduate of Yale Law School，Pink had been asuccess at the political game in his 10 years in Washington D．C．But he chose 1997's Indepen dence Day，the fourth of July，to get rid of the power and glory of the White House for the freedom and self-sufficiency of the Pink House．

“My choice had nothing to do with economic forces，”he says，“it had to do with softer things—like I love my wife and daughter and I want more control over my life ．”Now the new Pink works at home as a free journalist and occasional writer．He said that as a work environment the White House was probably better than the average Fortune 500 firm．“But there were still the office politics．．．Now，I have a better arrangement between labor and reward．I make more money—twice as much as before．”

Computer technology may have provided the tools for individuals to work alone，but，according to Pink，the engine of the“free agent”（self-employed people）revolution has been the real change in relations between workers and employers．“The loyalty-and-security trade is a thing of the past．Companies say，‘We can't afford to give job security to our workers．'As a result，workers say，‘We can't afford to give loyalty．'”

Questions：

1．What's the silent revolution described in this passage？

2．What has been brought about in the new century by this striking phenomenon？

3．Why does the author use the term“the Pink House”？

4．What reason prompts the author's switch to“the Pink Housefrom the power and glory of the White House？

5．According to Dan Pink，the real reason for the appearance of“free-agent”is ．

D．Writing

Spend 30 minutes writing a composition of at least 120 words entitled Going Abroad to Study．You should base your composition on the following outline：

1．现在许多家长送孩子出国读书；

2．人们对此看法不一；

3．你的观点如何。