一、one的用法
one作替代词,相当于“a(an)+名词”。用来代替前面出现过的“同类”事物,one代替单数可数名词,ones代替复数可数名词,one不能代替前面的不可数名词。如:
1. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have ____.
A. it B. those C. them D. one
2. —Why don’t we take a little break?
—Didn’t we just have____?
A. it B. that C. one D.this
3. Mr Zhang gave textbooks to all the pupils except ____ who had already taken them.
A. the ones B. ones
C. some D. the others
二、it的用法
it用作替代词,代替前面提到过的事物“本身”,而one代替前面提到过的“同类”事物。如:
1. The Parkers bought a new house but ____ will need a lot of work before they can move in.
A. they B. it C. one D. which
2. Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but ____ didn’t help.
A. he B. which C. she D. it
it可作形式主语
当动词不定式、动名词或从句作主语时,通常把它们放在谓语之后,而用it作句子的形式主语。如:
____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
it可作形式宾语
当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词或宾语从句时,往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面,而用it作形式宾语,放在宾语补足语之前。如:
I hate ____ when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C. these D. them
it可用于强调结构
要强调句子的某一成分(通常是主语、宾语或状语),常用的结构是“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其余部分”。如果被强调的部分是人,可用who, whom代替that。如:
1. Was it during the Second World War ____ he died?
A. that B. while C. in which D. then
2.It is the ability to do the job ____ matters, not where you come from or what you are.
A. one B. that C. what D. it
it可用于it doesn’t matter句型中。如:
Does____ ____matter if he can’t finish the job on time?
A. this B.that C. he D. it
三、that的用法
that作替代词,相当于“the+名词”,that与it一样,指前面所提到过的事物“本身”,that后可有of短语作后置修饰语,但it不可以。that既可代替前文出现过的单数可数名词,又可代替不可数名词。如:
—He was nearly drowned once.
—When was____?
—____was in 1998 when he was in middle school.
A. that; It B. this; This
C. this; It D. that; That
